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The goal of this observational study is to evaluate the impact of self-knowledge training on the well-being of individuals with fibromyalgia. The main questions it aims to answer are:
Does self-knowledge training improve participants' perceived quality of life?
Does self-knowledge training influence the way participants manage their fibromyalgia symptoms?
Participants will:
Take part in a structured self-knowledge intervention based on the Enneagram framework.
Complete validated questionnaires before and after the intervention to assess their well-being.
Provide qualitative feedback on their experience with the training.
This study will help understand whether self-awareness strategies can be integrated into non-pharmacological approaches for fibromyalgia management.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Self-Knowledge Training Group | Experimental | Participants in this group will undergo a self-knowledge training program based on the Enneagram framework. The program consists of 2 sessions, focusing on self-awareness, emotional regulation, and personal growth. |
|
| Control Group | No Intervention | Participants in this group will not receive any self-knowledge training during the study period. They will continue with their usual care and will be assessed at the same time points as the intervention group. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Self-Knowledge Training Program | Behavioral | The intervention consists of a self-knowledge training program based on the Enneagram framework. Participants attend 7 sessions, focusing on self-awareness, emotional regulation, and personal development. The sessions include theoretical explanations, guided self-reflection exercises, and group discussions to help participants better understand their personality patterns and how these influence their perception of pain and well-being. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Quality of Life (EQ-5D-3L) | The EQ-5D-3L is a generic instrument for assessing health-related quality of life (HRQoL), comprising five dimensions: Mobility, Self-Care, Usual Activities, Pain/Discomfort, and Anxiety/Depression. Each dimension is rated on a 3-level scale (1 = no problems, 2 = moderate problems, 3 = severe problems). The responses generate a health index, where higher scores indicate worse quality of life. | Baseline and after completion of the 10-week intervention |
| Perceived Quality of Life (EQ-VAS) | The EQ-VAS is a visual analogue scale measuring self-perceived health status. Participants rate their health on a 0-100 scale (0 = worst imaginable health state, 100 = best imaginable health state). Higher scores indicate better perceived quality of life. | Baseline and after completion of the 10-week intervention |
| Mental Health - Depression, Anxiety, and Stress (DASS-21) | The DASS-21 is a 21-item questionnaire assessing symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. It includes three subscales (7 items each), rated on a 0-3 scale (0 = does not apply at all, 3 = applies very much or most of the time). Higher scores indicate greater severity of symptoms. | Baseline and after completion of the 10-week intervention |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Psychological Flexibility (Psy-Flex Scale) | The Psy-Flex Scale assesses psychological flexibility, a core construct in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). It consists of six items, each representing a fundamental process of psychological flexibility. Responses are rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = very rarely, 5 = very frequently). Higher scores indicate greater psychological flexibility. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra | Coimbra | 3000-548 | Portugal |
The decision regarding the sharing of individual participant data has not been finalized. Any future data sharing will be subject to ethical review and compliance with data protection guidelines.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005356 | Fibromyalgia |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009135 | Muscular Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
| D012216 | Rheumatic Diseases |
| D009468 | Neuromuscular Diseases |
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| Baseline and after completion of the 10-week intervention |
| Self-Reflection and Insight (SRIS Scale) | The Self-Reflection and Insight Scale (SRIS) evaluates self-reflection and insight through three subscales: Engagement in Self-Reflection: Assesses the depth of cognitive and emotional self-examination. Need for Self-Reflection: Measures the individual's motivation for self-reflection. Insight: Evaluates the individual's level of self-awareness and understanding. Each item is rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree). Higher scores indicate greater self-reflection and insight. | Baseline and after completion of the 10-week intervention |
| D009422 |
| Nervous System Diseases |