A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted involving two groups of 36 participants aged 16-45 years. Sensory and motor variables were assessed using the Semmes-Weinstein Monofilaments, Two-Point Discrimination Test, Modified Ashworth Scale, Digital Dynamometer, Box and Block Test, Functional Independence Measure, and the Lawton and Brody Scale.

A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted involving two groups of 36 participants aged 16-45 years. Sensory and motor variables were assessed using the Semmes-Weinstein Monofilaments, Two-Point Discrimination Test, Modified Ashworth Scale, Digital Dynamometer, Box and Block Test, Functional Independence Measure, and the Lawton and Brody Scale.

Participants in the CP group underwent individual assessments using seven standardized instruments to evaluate sensory and motor function, as well as independence in daily activities. Data collection was conducted in person at the participating institutions by trained professionals following a structured protocol. All procedures were performed after verifying cognitive eligibility (score ≥ 19) and obtaining informed consent. The same protocol was applied across both centers to ensure consistency. The control group followed the same assessment process. Each evaluation session lasted approximately two hours per participant.

This non-invasive technique assesses cutaneous sensory perception using nylon monofilaments of varying diameters that apply specific pressure forces. These forces range from 0.07 g (smallest) to 300 g (largest). In this study, monofilaments were applied to distinct areas innervated by different nerves: the distal phalanx of the first, second, and third fingers and the thenar eminence (median nerve), the fifth finger and hypothenar eminence (ulnar nerve), and the proximal phalanx of the first and second fingers on the dorsal side (radial nerve).

This test evaluates the ability to distinguish between two closely spaced pressure points on the skin, reflecting sensory acuity and receptor density. Distances typically range from 0 to 8 mm. Despite being widely used, standardization of pressure remains a challenge; a light, uniform pressure (10-15 g) is recommended. In this study, the same hand regions assessed with monofilaments were used. Proper simultaneous application was ensured to avoid perception bias.

The MAS is widely used to evaluate muscle spasticity by measuring resistance to passive movement. The scale ranges from 0 (no tone increase) to 4 (severe rigidity), with the inclusion of score 1+ for greater sensitivity. In this study, assessments were performed on elbow and wrist flexor/extensor muscles, muscles involved in pronation/supination, and finger flexors/extensors. The scale helps quantify the degree of hypertonia, a common symptom in individuals with neurological conditions.

Grip strength was measured using a handheld digital dynamometer, which quantifies isometric force output in kilograms. Testing was conducted with participants seated, shoulder adducted, elbow at 90º, forearm in neutral, and wrist extended 0º-30º. Both upper limbs were assessed. This measurement reflects overall upper limb strength and functional capacity, and is considered a reliable indicator of motor performance in clinical populations.