This is a multi-center, prospective, and interventional study conducted in 3 types of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) participants , including 3 cohorts which are patients with newly or previously diagnosed coronary heart disease ( CHD), atrial fibrillation ( AF) and chronic heart failure (CHF).

The mainly purpose of this study is describe the prevalence of COPD of the participants with 3 types of CVD who are aged 40 years or older, and also observe the effect of cardiopulmonary co management on the short term prognosis of participants with CVD and COPD.

This study will enroll approximately 3,000 participants, with approximately 1,000 participants in each cohort.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Give signed written informed consent to participate.

2. At least 40 years of age at baseline visit.

3. Previous or newly diagnosed by at least one of the 3 types of CVD which are,

   • Coronary heart disease ( CHD )
   • Atrial fibrillation (AF )
   • Chronic heart failure ( CHF )

4. Participants can undergo spirometry testing and does not have the following serious diseases or disease states：

   • Shock within the last 3 months
   • Mycardial infarction, stroke or unstable angina within last 1 month
   • Currently suffering from severe HF or severe arrhythmia. Severe HF refers to the need for intravenous administration of vasoactive drugs and diuretics; severe arrhythmia refers to arrhythmias that cause hemodynamic instability, such as ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia
   • Severe hemoptysis or active gastrointestinal bleeding within last 1 month
   • Patients with seizures requiring medication
   • Patients with hypertensive crisis or uncontrolled hypertension [systolic blood pressure > 200 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure > 100 mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa)]
   • Patients with active respiratory infectious diseases or infectious diseases, such as open pulmonary tuberculosis, influenza, new coronavirus infection, and acute pneumonia
   • Patients with aortic or cerebral aneurysms
   • Pneumothorax and pneumothorax healing within last 1 month
   • Patients with severe hyperthyroidism
   • Patients who have recently had eye, ear, cranial or thoracic or abdominal surgery Note: If the patient can cooperate by completing a single, effective forced exhalation (≥6 seconds), then spirometry testing can be performed.

5. Subjects have the cognitive ability to conduct questionnaires after e valuated by investigators.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Significant diseases or conditions, which, in the opinion of the investigator, may put the participant at risk because of participation in the study or may influence either the results of the study or the participant's ability to participate in the study.
2. Women who are pregnant or lactating or are planning to become pregnant, or women of childbearing potential who are not using an acceptable method of contraception.
3. Participant who are not able to provide written informed consent.
4. Treatment with investigational study drug or device in another clinical study within the last 30 days or five half lives prior to baseline visit , whichever is longer.

Qualified researchers can request access to anonymized individual patient-level data from AstraZeneca group of companies sponsored clinical trials via the request portal Vivli.org. All requests will be evaluated as per the AZ disclosure commitment: https://astrazenecagrouptrials.pharmacm.com/ST/Submission/Disclosure. 'Yes' , indicates that AZ are accepting requests for IPD, but this does not mean all requests will be approved.

AstraZeneca will meet or exceed data availability as per the commitments made to the EFPIA PhRMA Data Sharing Principles. For details of our timelines, please rerefer to our disclosure commitment at https://astrazenecagrouptrials.pharmacm.com/ST/Submission/Disclosure.

When a request has been approved AstraZeneca will provide access to the anonymized individual patient-level data via secure research environment Vivli.org. Signed Data Usage Agreement (non-negotiable contract for data accessors) must be in place before accessing requested information.