Fecal Calprotectin for Prediction of Esophageal Varices in Cirrhotic Patients

The Accuracy of Fecal Calprotectin in Detecting Esophageal Varices in Egyptian Patients With Liver Cirrhosis

The goal of this cross-sectional observational study is to evaluate the accuracy of fecal calprotectin versus non-invasive scores in assessing the presence and grading of esophageal varices in Egyptian patients.

Researchers will compare fecal calprotectin levels in cirrhotic patients with and without esophageal varices (EVs) and healthy subjects. researchers will also evaluate the performance of fecal calprotectin, AST to platelet ratio index (APRI) score, fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score, albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score, platelet-albumin-bilirubin (PALBI) score, and platelet-spleen diameter ratio (PSR) for predicting esophageal varices.

Participants will undergo history-taking, clinical examination, laboratory investigations, fecal calprotectin, abdominal ultrasonography, and upper endoscopy. Endoscopic grading of esophageal varices will be done using Paquet's classification. The APRI, FIB-4, ALBI, PALBI, and PSR scores will be calculated. The performance of fecal calprotectin for predicting EVs will be compared versus other non-invasive scores.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age ≥18 years
• Liver cirrhosis

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients aged < 18 years.
• Inflammatory bowel disease.
• Infectious gastroenteritis.
• Malignancy.
• Patients on proton pump inhibitors or NSAID.
• Patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.
• Patients with hepatic encephalopathy.
• Unwilling to participate in our study.