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Although pregnancy and labor are physiological events, the pain caused by uterine contractions during labor is among the most severe pains. This causes many women to fear labor. For this reason, control of labor pain should be one of the main goals of the care given to women in labor. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the effect of sacral massage with a tennis ball on labor pain and labor comfort in the intrapartum period.
Pregnant women hospitalized in the maternity unit will be evaluated for compliance with the inclusion criteria. Women who meet the inclusion criteria and are willing to participate in the study will be randomized according to the simple random numbers table and the study group will be determined by the researcher by drawing lots. The purpose and stages of the study will be explained verbally to the women whose group is determined and the women will be asked to read and sign the Informed Voluntary Consent Form. Then, the Pregnancy Identification Form will be filled in by the researchers using the face-to-face interview method. Then the massage will be explained to the pregnant women in the experimental group and they will be asked to evaluate the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) before the procedure. While performing this application, the researcher will apply pressure to the sacral region with a tennis ball in a circular motion in a way that the patient can feel but not feel pain. The application will be applied to the pregnant woman for a total of 3 contractions. 30 minutes after each procedure, the woman will be asked to mark the intensity of the pain she feels on the VAS scale and to mark the Birth Comfort Scale.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| sacral massage with a tennis ball | Active Comparator | When the cervical dilatation in labor is 5-6 cm, 7-8 cm and 9-10 cm, the woman will be asked to mark the intensity of the pain she feels on the VAS scale before starting the procedure. Then, the researcher explains sacral massage to the pregnant woman. While performing this application, the researcher will apply pressure to the sacral area with a tennis ball in a circular motion so that the patient can feel but not feel pain. The application will be applied to the pregnant woman for a total of 3 contractions. 30 minutes after each procedure, the woman will be asked again to mark the intensity of the pain she feels on the VAS scale and to mark the Birth Comfort Scale. |
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| control groups | No Intervention | Pregnant women in the control group will not undergo any intervention other than routine hospital practices. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| sacral massage with tennis ball | Other | When the cervical dilatation in labor is 5-6 cm, 7-8 cm and 9-10 cm, the woman will be asked to mark the intensity of the pain she feels on the VAS scale before starting the procedure. Then, the researcher explains sacral massage to the pregnant woman. While performing this application, the researcher will apply pressure to the sacral area with a tennis ball in a circular motion so that the patient can feel but not feel pain. The application will be applied to the pregnant woman for a total of 3 contractions. 30 minutes after each procedure, the woman will be asked to mark the intensity of the pain she feels on the VAS scale and mark the Birth Comfort Scale. The research will end when a total of 70 experimental groups and 70 control groups are reached. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Labor pain | Visual Analog Scale (VAS) is a scale to measure pain and other subjective symptoms. It was as first introduced by Hayes and Patterson in 1921. The Scale maximum point is 10 and minimum point is zero. And as the scale score increases, the pain measure also increases.When cervical dilatation is 5-6 cm, the pregnant woman is asked to mark her pain score on a VAS (Visual Analog Scale) score from one to ten, and then massage is applied. After 30 minutes of massage, the pregnant woman is asked to rate the pain score on the VAS (Visual Analog Scale). | Cervical dilatation will assses from 5-6 cm, 7-8 cm and 9-10 cm until delivery. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| birth comfort | Childbirth Comfort Questionnaire is a scale for assessing childbirth comfort. The validity and reliability of the scale was made by Potur et al. in 2014. The Scale maximum point is 45 and minumum point is nine. And as the scale score increases, the comfort level also increases. When cervical dilatation is 5-6 cm, the pregnant woman is asked to check the appropriate options on the 9-item scale on the CCQ. We want this procedure to be done three times in total when the pregnant woman is 5-6 cm, 7-8 cm and 9-10 cm. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
pregnant women
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000377 | Agnosia |
| D048949 | Labor Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010468 | Perceptual Disorders |
| D019954 | Neurobehavioral Manifestations |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
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Two groups with a experimental and control
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| Cervical dilatation will assses from 5-6 cm, 7-8 cm and 9-10 cm until delivery. |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D010146 | Pain |