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This study will test a model of providing treatment to Latinx/Hispanic youth, who experience suicidal thoughts and behavior, and their caregivers. An affirmative and culturally relevant treatment will be provided to all youth and half of the families will be assigned to the additional support of a community health worker (CHW). Youth symptoms and family engagement to treatment will be followed for nine months. The potential benefit of adding the CHW intervention will be assessed.
The objective of this proposal is to test a New Clinical Model to engage Latinx/Hispanic (L/H) youth and their caregivers in a culturally centered, evidence-based treatment for suicidal behaviors (SB). The Socio-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Suicidal Behavior (SCBT-SB) is an affirmative and culturally relevant treatment with empirical evidence supporting its use for L/H youth with suicidality. The New Clinical Model consists of the addition of community health workers (CHWs) to the SCBT-SB. CHWs are trusted members of their communities who provide education and connection to resources to L/H families in their native language. A community based participatory research approach is proposed and the Socio-Cultural Framework for Health Service Disparities will be the theoretical model used.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| SCBT-SB (Only) | Active Comparator | A culturally centered CBT treatment protocol called Socio-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Suicidal Behavior (SCBT-SB) |
|
| New Clinical Model: SCBT-SB + Community Health Worker | Experimental | SCBT-SB treatment with the additional support of a community health worker (CHW) |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Socio-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Suicidal Behavior (SCBT-SB) | Behavioral | SCBT-SB is a manualized psychosocial treatment protocol developed specifically with and for L/H youth with suicidal ideation and behaviors. Clinician, adolescents, and caregivers' manuals are available in both Spanish and English. SCBT-SB protocol's main conceptual framework and strategies are informed by Cognitive Behavioral Therapy concepts, psychoeducation, and adolescent parenting strategies. The intervention involves individual, caregivers, and family sessions. SCBT-SB, while maintaining the basic principles of CBT, was further developed to include developmental (e.g., identity), and cultural elements of L/H families (e.g., family communication, language). The protocol has two main phases. Phase 1, the Crisis Module, includes nine standard core sessions, and Phase 2, which proposes a flexible number of sessions, focused on the delivery of interchangeable coping skills modules and the acquisition of skills that reduce STB. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Suicidal Ideation (SI) | Suicidal ideation measured using the Suicide Ideation Questionnaire-Junior (SIQ-JR), a self-report instrument of 15 items that measures severity of suicidal ideation as a continuous variable with established normative, reliability, and validity data for clinical and non-clinical adolescent samples. The minimum score is 0 and the maximum 90. A higher score represents increased severity and frequency of suicidal thoughts. | Change from baseline to 6 months and baseline to 9 months. |
| Suicide Attempts (SA) | Actual and interrupted suicide attempts (yes or no) using the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS). | Change from baseline to 6 months, 6 months to 9 months, and baseline to 9 months. |
| Suicidal Events (SE) | SE is defined as yes or no to any suicide attempt plus any ER visits due to suicidal ideation, and suicidal threats based on patient's own report and medical record, or by information gathered from the Child and Adolescent Services Assessment (CASA). | Change from baseline to 6 months, 6 months to 9 months, and baseline to 9 months. |
| Depressive symptoms by self-report | Level of depressive symptomatology using the Children Depression Inventory 2 (CDI-2). The CDI uses 27 items with a 4-point Likert type scale, the minimum score is 0 and the maximum 56. It evaluates symptoms such as depressive mood, hedonic capacity, vegetative sign, self-evaluation, and interpersonal behaviors. A higher score means higher level of depressive symptoms. | Change from baseline to 6 months and baseline to 9 months. |
| Depressive symptoms by clinical interview | Depressive symptoms using the Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised (CDRS-R). The CDRS-R is a 17-item interview assessment of depressive symptoms for school aged children and adolescents, with item rating between 1 (no difficulties) to 5 or 7 (clinically significant difficulties). The minimum raw score is 17 and the maximum 113. A higher score means higher level of depressive symptoms. It has been proposed that a score of ≥40 indicates depressive symptomatology comparable to a diagnosis of depression, whereas a score ≤28 was often used as indicative of remission within trials. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yovanska Duarte-Velez, PhD | Contact | 401-432-1651 | yovanska.duart-velez@brownhealth.org | |
| Gisela Jimenez-Colon, PhD | Contact | +1 (401) 432-1059 | gjimenezcolon@brownhealth.org |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Yovanska Duarte-Velez, PhD | Brown University Health | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bradley Hasbro Children's Research Center | Recruiting | Providence | Rhode Island | 02903 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 26928136 | Background | Duarte-Velez Y, Torres-Davila P, Spirito A, Polanco N, Bernal G. Development of a treatment protocol for Puerto Rican adolescents with suicidal behaviors. Psychotherapy (Chic). 2016 Mar;53(1):45-56. doi: 10.1037/pst0000044. | |
| 35476733 | Background | Jimenez-Colon G, Duarte-Velez Y. Raising Children in Different Cultures: Working with Latinx Youth with Suicidal Behaviors and Their Families. R I Med J (2013). 2022 May 2;105(4):31-35. |
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Basic demographics and outcome measures will be uploaded to the NIMH Data Archive with a data dictionary.
Data will be available starting 6 months after main study results publication.
Researchers with access to the NIMH Data Archive will have access to the uploaded data. Data will also be made available to other researchers by request through a Data Sharing Agreement between institutions and as per NIH data sharing guidelines. The PI will also consult to anyone interested in replicating the intervention and study.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003863 | Depression |
| D059020 | Suicidal Ideation |
| D013406 | Suicide, Attempted |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001526 | Behavioral Symptoms |
| D001519 | Behavior |
| D013405 | Suicide |
| D016728 | Self-Injurious Behavior |
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| SCBT-SB + CHW | Behavioral | The New Clinical Model consist of one clinician delivering the SCBT-SB and one CHW per each family. The assigned clinician & CHW will meet at the beginning of treatment to discuss their assigned case and will have follow-up meetings as needed and at a minimum, once monthly. CHWs will support family engagement in treatment. CHWs will assess each family's social needs and concerns about treatment. The CHW intervention will 1) Assess social determinants of mental health; 2) Provide referrals and serve as a bridge to other community resources; 3) Provide psychoeducation on mental health and services to decrease stigma; and 4) Follow-up and provide support on recommended actions. |
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| Change from baseline to 6 months and baseline to 9 months. |
| 36183051 | Background | Duarte-Velez Y, Jimenez-Colon G, Jones RN, Spirito A. Socio-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Latinx Adolescent with Suicidal Behaviors: A Pilot Randomized Trial. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2024 Jun;55(3):754-767. doi: 10.1007/s10578-022-01439-z. Epub 2022 Oct 1. |