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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), A*STAR Research Institutes | UNKNOWN |
| National University Polyclinics, Singapore | OTHER |
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The goal of this observational study is to evaluate the performance, operational efficiency, acceptability, feasibility, and cost-effectiveness of an AI-assisted screening model for visual impairment in a community setting. The main questions it aims to answer are:
Researchers will compare the AI-assisted model with the current traditional screening approach to assess its impact on screening accuracy, operational efficiency, and cost-effectiveness.
Participants will:
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| AI-assisted | Experimental | Participants will undergo visual impairment screening using AVIRI model (AI for Disease-related Visual Impairment Screening Using Retinal Imaging). This intervention involves automated fundus image analysis through artificial intelligence to screen and identify individuals with high probability of visual impairment. |
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| Traditional | No Intervention | Participants will receive visual impairment screening using the traditional screening model, which involves optometrists performing initial assessments, followed by referral decisions based on manual fundus image evaluation. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AI | Device | Retinal photography-based deep learning algorithm for detection of disease-related visual impairment cases |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Performance of AVIRI on the detection of visual impairment | The primary outcome is the detection performance for VI (refractive error-related and disease-related VI) and the rate of correct referral, with reference to the expert panels' diagnosis . To assess whether the new AI-assisted model has better referral accuracy than the current traditional model, the accuracy, AUC values, sensitivity, specificity and other performance metrics of the two models will be calculated and compared. | through study completion, an average 1 year |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Operational efficiency | Evaluation includes (i) average screening time per patient and (ii) average number of patients screened per session. | through study completion, an average 1 year |
| Patient acceptability |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pioneer Polyclinic | Singapore | Singapore | 648201 | Singapore |
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Patient Acceptability is assessed via a 6-item questionnaire (4-point Likert scale: 'Satisfaction' or 'Likelihood') administered by trained coordinators.
| through study completion, an average 1 year |
| Perceptions of feasibility | Perceptions of feasibility is evaluated through at least two focus groups with optometrists and one with service providers will be conducted, guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Discussions will explore barriers and facilitators influencing the AI screening model's adoption. Data will be inductively and deductively coded by two researchers using CFIR constructs; discrepancies resolved through consensus or a third researcher. | through study completion, an average 1 year |
| Cost savings of implementing the AI-assisted screening model | Researchers will quantify the incremental cost savings of implementing the AI-assisted screening model over the PSS model using an Activity Based Costing (ABC) approach that quantifies all non-sunk costs (including labor, materials and supplies, and amortized technology and space utility/ rental costs) required to conduct each assessment stratified by key activities of each screening model (e.g., conduct screening examinations, operationalize the AVIRI algorithm, on-site generation of test results etc.). Fixed costs will be amortized over the inputs' expected useful life (i.e. involved fixed assets' life expectancy). For the cost of clinical assessments, researchers will use non-subsidized bill sizes as these are expected to approximate actual costs. | through study completion, an average 1 year |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014786 | Vision Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012678 | Sensation Disorders |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D005128 | Eye Diseases |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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