For the SS, participants will be instructed to stand and place their dominant foot on a wedge with a 35° incline. They will stretch the plantar flexor muscles for 30 seconds, performing 4 repetitions.

For the FR, participants will be instructed to position the muscle belly of the PF on the roller. Thirty rolls (15 proximal and 15 distal) for a duration of 30 seconds will be considered one set.

The FR-DM will involve positioning the muscle belly of the PF on the roller and, without moving the roller, performing 15 plantar flexions and 15 dorsiflexions of the ankle for a period of 30 seconds while compressing the dominant leg with the contralateral leg.

The CG will only perform the assessment tests, remaining seated for 4 minutes between the pre-test and post-test.

For the SS, participants will be instructed to stand and place their dominant foot on a wedge with a 35° incline, stretching the plantar flexor muscles.

Each participant was placed prone on a medical bed with both feet hanging out of the bed. Inelastic straps were used to fix the pelvis and the contralateral leg of the tested participant. A flat rigid surface was fixed on the sole of the foot. A two arm electronic goniometer (Digital Angle Ruler, resolution0.05°, accuracy±0.2°, repeatability0.05°) was then placed with one arm parallel to the flat surface positioned on the foot sole and the other arm following the diaphysis of the fibula. Starting position was set with the foot and the leg forming a 90°angle. The investigator passively pushed the foot into a dorsiflexion motion to the limit of available ROM, or the maximum tolerable pain for each participant.

PPT was assessed through a portable algometer(FPX25 Pain Tester, Wagner Instruments,CT,USA). The participant's measurement position and posture were similar to TH. The algometer was positioned perpendicular to the direction of the muscle fibers. The investigator pushed the metal rod of the algometer at a pressure of 1kg per second over the muscle belly of the participant. The participant was instructed to say "stop" when pain, rather than just pressure, was experienced.

L-BIA was performed using a single frequency phase-sensitive device(BIA-101 Anniversary Sport Edition, Akern Systems, Firenze-Italy) at 50kHz and 400μA to measure PhA and vector length. Two pairs of electrodes (source(I) and detector(V) electrodes) were used. One pair was positioned on the upper part of the leg, with the lateral part of the I positioned on the popliteal crease(Lee et al., 2023) and the V, positioned caudally, parallel to I, 5cm apart. The other pair was positioned on the lower part of the leg with the lateral part of the I positioned above the tibial malleolus and the V, in a cranial direction parallel to I, 5cm apart. Prior to each test, the BIA measurements of the analyzer were validated using a precision circuit with acceptance for resistance(R) measurements of 383ohm(Ω) and reactance(Xc) values of 45Ω.