This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of dizziness/vertigo in individuals following COVID-19 and to investigate potential risk factors associated with these symptoms. A total of 296 patients aged 20-66 years who had recovered from COVID-19 were evaluated at Istanbul Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital between June 1, 2021, and December 31, 2021. Clinical and demographic data, including COVID-19 history, comorbidities, and symptom characteristics, were collected. Dizziness-related disability was assessed using the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), while balance performance was evaluated with the Berg Balance Scale (BBS).

Inclusion Criteria:

• Individuals aged 20-66 years.
• History of confirmed COVID-19 infection.
• Ability to speak and understand Turkish.
• Willingness to provide verbal and written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Pre-existing vertigo or balance disorders (e.g., benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Ménière's disease, vestibular migraine, vestibular neuritis).
• Inner ear diseases or vestibular dysfunction.
• Neurological disorders affecting balance (e.g., multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, history of stroke, epilepsy).
• Psychiatric conditions that could cause dizziness (e.g., anxiety, panic attacks, depression).
• History of head or neck trauma in the past six months.
• Moderate to severe visual impairment.
• Chronic alcohol or substance use.
• Use of ototoxic medications.
• Severe cardiovascular diseases (e.g., orthostatic hypotension, advanced heart failure, severe arrhythmias).
• Pregnant or breastfeeding women.
• Acute infection other than COVID-19 in the past three months.
• Severe COVID-19 requiring hospitalization

This study included 296 patients aged 20-66 years who had recovered from COVID-19 and presented to the outpatient clinic