Not provided
| ID | Type | Description | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| E-70400699-000-2100187704 | Other Identifier | Ataturk University |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Ataturk University | OTHER |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Understanding the complex dynamics of motor skill acquisition in swimming is critical for developing effective training programs. Advances in technology, such as virtual and augmented reality, offer new opportunities to enhance learning and performance in this field. This study investigated the impact of virtual reality (VR)-supported video modeling (VM) swimming exercise programs compared with traditional approaches on the swimming performance of beginners.
Fifty-five university students participated in the study. They were divided into two groups: the VR-supported VM group (VRVM) (n=28) and the traditional swimming group (TSG) (n=27). The VRVM group engaged in VR-supported VM practice in addition to traditional swimming training, whereas the TSG group only participated in traditional swimming training. The performance variables measured included swimming stroke (SS), crawling kick (CK), swimming duration (SD), heart rate (HR), and rate of perceived excretion (RPE).
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| VR-Supported Video Modeling Group | Experimental | Participants receive traditional swimming training as well as VR-supported video modelling training. |
|
| Traditional Swimming Group | Active Comparator | Participants only receive traditional swimming training, but no VR or video modelling. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VR-Supported Video Modeling | Behavioral | Participants receive virtual reality (VR) supported video modeling training in addition to traditional swimming training. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Swimming stroke | Swimming stroke (SS) refers to the number of strokes performed per minute, which impacts a swimmer's propulsion through the water. It is a critical factor in determining speed and efficiency. | Post-Intervention (After 11 Weeks) |
| Swimming duration | The swimming duration is the swimmer's time to cover a 25-meter distance. Swimmers using the proper freestyle technique are expected to cover a given distance in less time, with lower SD scores positively contributing to swimming performance. | Post-Intervention (After 11 Weeks) |
| Crawling kick | The crawling kick plays an essential role in a swimmer's propulsion and overall speed and balance in the water. Novice swimmers may focus more on breathing and arm strokes, neglecting foot strokes (Lucero, 2015). Therefore, this study assumes that more foot strokes positively impact performance. The CK was calculated based on the number of foot strokes performed over a 25-meter distance. | Post-Intervention (After 11 Weeks) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Heart rate | Heart rate is the parameter used to monitor the physiological response of swimmers to exercise and to assess aerobic fitness. | Post-Intervention (After 11 Weeks) |
Not provided
Inclusion Criteria:
Never having taken a swimming course before. Not having any health problems. Not having water phobia.
Exclusion Criteria:
To be able to progress by stroking on the water without any support from anywhere.
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Erzurum Technical University Faculty of Sport Sciences | Erzurum | Yakutiye | 25050 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 31820678 | Background | Franklin ZC, Wright DJ, Holmes PS. Using Action-congruent Language Facilitates the Motor Response during Action Observation: A Combined Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Eye-tracking Study. J Cogn Neurosci. 2020 Apr;32(4):634-645. doi: 10.1162/jocn_a_01510. Epub 2019 Dec 10. | |
| 522640 | Background | Craig AB Jr, Pendergast DR. Relationships of stroke rate, distance per stroke, and velocity in competitive swimming. Med Sci Sports. 1979 Fall;11(3):278-83. |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Traditional Swimming Training | Behavioral | Participants receive only traditional swimming training. Individuals in this group learn swimming techniques through traditional methods (practising in the water under the supervision of an instructor). |
|
| 17365543 | Background | Clark SE, Ste-Marie DM. The impact of self-as-a-model interventions on children's self-regulation of learning and swimming performance. J Sports Sci. 2007 Mar;25(5):577-86. doi: 10.1080/02640410600947090. |
| 15616133 | Background | Calvo-Merino B, Glaser DE, Grezes J, Passingham RE, Haggard P. Action observation and acquired motor skills: an FMRI study with expert dancers. Cereb Cortex. 2005 Aug;15(8):1243-9. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhi007. Epub 2004 Dec 22. |
| 19409842 | Background | Barbosa TM, Bragada JA, Reis VM, Marinho DA, Carvalho C, Silva AJ. Energetics and biomechanics as determining factors of swimming performance: updating the state of the art. J Sci Med Sport. 2010 Mar;13(2):262-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2009.01.003. Epub 2009 May 5. |
| Background | Araiza-Alba, P., Keane, T., Matthews, B., Simpson, K., Strugnell, G., Chen, W. S., & Kaufman, J. The potential of 360-degree virtual reality videos to teach water-safety skills to children, Computers & Education, 2021, 163. |