To evaluate the effect of peritonsillar bupivacaine infiltration on the development of postoperative delirium in pediatric patients undergoing tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy.

Postoperative emergence delirium (ED) is an important clinical condition characterized by crying, irritability and severe restlessness in subjects recovering from anesthesia. ED is more common in children than in adults. Among the types of surgery, the ED is common in ENT surgery in which the prevalence was reported between 13%-26%. The adenotonsillectomy, which is a common ENT procedure carry a high risk for development of ED.

The ED can cause the child recovering from anesthesia to harm himself/herself and the surgical site and may cause parents to question the quality of anesthesia. It is associated with postoperative increased morbidity. Several anesthetic strategies exists (intranasal premedication, deep versus awake removal of the laryngeal mask, different intravenous anesthetic combinations) in the literature in order to prevent delirium. Local anesthetic application as xylocaine was shown to reduce the postoperative pain and ED. In addition it is generally accepted that that postoperative ED can be reduced with good analgesia.

Local infiltration of peritonsillar fossa with various local anesthetics, steroids etc. is an established technique for relieving the postoperative pain. Bupivacaine as a long-acting local anesthetic is widely used for local infiltration anesthesia. It is a safe technique and several comparative studies exists in the literature on efficacy. A few number of studies exists that evaluates the relationship between effective pain control and postoperative ED development in children with regional anesthesia applications. However, in English literature we could not find a study on the effect of local infiltration of peritonsillar fossa on development of ED in subjects who underwent tonsillectomy/adenotonsillectomy operations.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of peritonsillar bupivacaine infiltration on the development of postoperative delirium in pediatric patients undergoing tonsillectomy/adenotonsillectomy.

Inclusion Criteria:

• patient have adenotonsillectomy
• age 3-7 years
• ASA-1

Exclusion Criteria:

• active infection,
• bleeding-coagulation disorder,
• neuropsychiatric disorder,
• bupivacaine hypersensitivity,
• postoperative delirium history,
• history of surgery for different reasons within 1 year,
• history of long-term hospitalization,
• chronic disease,
• chronic pain condition
• chronic analgesic use