This study aims to evaluate the endoscopic treatment effect and related influencing factors of patients with esophageal and gastric varices based on HVPG. By enrolling and collecting patients with esophageal and gastric varices at different stages of liver cirrhosis, the changes in portal pressure before and during endoscopic treatment were detected. The endoscopic treatment effect of different patients was evaluated by combining the changes in HVPG and the condition of varicose veins, the effects of different endoscopic treatment methods on HVPG were analyzed, and the correlation between HVPG changes and endoscopic efficacy was explored.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age range: 18-80 years old;
2. Patients with confirmed cirrhosis through clinical, imaging or pathological evidence, with causes including viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, etc.;
3. Patients with esophageal and gastric varices confirmed by endoscopic examination and varicose vein bleeding in the past;
4. Endoscopic treatment (such as band ligation, sclerotherapy or colloid injection) is an appropriate secondary prevention method;

Exclusion Criteria:

• (1) Combined with hepatocellular carcinoma or other malignant tumors; (2) Autoimmune cirrhosis, schistosomal cirrhosis, hepatic venous occlusion, etc.; (3) Combined with other diseases that affect portal hypertension, such as portal vein thrombosis; (4) Recently (within 6 months) received other treatments, such as TIPS, liver transplantation, or other treatment measures that may affect the study; (5) Accompanied by severe cardiopulmonary diseases (such as severe heart failure, COPD, etc.);

Inpatients in gastroenterology department