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The goal of this observational study is to learn about the mechanisms causing functional decline with age, using magnetic resonance imaging, exercise science, integrative physiology, neuroscience, and remote monitoring.
Specific aims include:
Aim 1: Advance knowledge of the biology of aging and its impact on the prevention, progression, and prognosis of disease and disability.
Aim 2: Determine the effects of personal and societal factors on aging.
Aim 3: Examine the influence of racial/ethnic and sex differences on the biology of aging and its impact on the prevention, progression, and prognosis of disease and disability.
Subjects will be asked to participate in two study visits that may last up to 5 hours each. In some cases, additional visits may be needed to accommodate their schedule, and/or the schedule of the study team. All participants will provide informed consent prior to participating in the study procedures such as demographic, medical history, risk factor assessment; questionnaires; geographic information system analysis; blood pressure measurements; assessment of aerobic exercise capacity, cognitive function; olfactory testing; Dual X-Ray absorbency, fasting followed by venous blood draw, vascular function assessment; testing of muscle strength; short physical performance battery; functional mobility; and remote monitoring. The order of procedures and visits may change depending on participant, staff, equipment, and infrastructure availability/needs. Moreover, procedures may be repeated for data quality purposes, if deemed necessary by the investigators.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Older Adults |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Sense of Smell | Olfactory Testing will be assessed using the NIH Toolbox Odor Identification cards. After scratching a card and sniffing from each sample, respondents will be asked to choose the best match for each odor from pictures representing the odor sources. | Baseline |
| Blood Pressure | Blood Pressure will be measured in the sitting position using an automated blood pressure monitor. After sitting blood pressure measurements, participants will be asked to stand up to measure standing blood pressure. | Baseline |
| Street Address | Geographic information systems will assign a geocode to each participant's home address, providing latitude, and longitude coordinates based on the provided street address. | Baseline |
| Ankle Brachial Index | The Ankle Brachial Index will be noninvasively assessed using the Smartdop XT device (Koven Technology, Inc.). | Baseline |
| Pulse Wave Velocity | Arterial stiffness will be measured non-invasively with the Sphygmocor XCEL device (AtCor Medical). | Baseline |
| Flow- mediated dilation | The flow-mediated change in brachial artery diameter (i.e. flow-mediated dilation; FMD), in response to a 5-minute period of arterial occlusion will be used to assess peripheral vascular function. | Baseline |
| Steps taken |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Phase 1: Young healthy men and women between 18 - 30 years of age, and older men and women between 50 - 80 years of age.
Phase 2: Men and women living in Tarrant County, Texas, between 50 - 85 years of age. In addition, the investigators will study up to 120 younger men and women, between 18-30 years of age, equally divided by race/ethnicity (same as above) and sex, to serve as reference controls.
Exclusion Criteria:
Phase 1: Clinical diagnosis of dementia; major depression (diagnosed by a physician), visual or auditory impairments that preclude neuropsychological testing or otherwise jeopardize the health and wellbeing of the participant during testing, non-ambulatory status (i.e. less than 10 m without mobility aid), shortness of breath while performing normal activities of daily living (walking through grocery store), body mass index greater than 45 kg/m2, heart failure or cardiomyopathy, acute coronary syndrome, primary valvular heart disease, severe gait disorder due to musculoskeletal disease or neurological motor deficit (e.g. severe osteoarthritis, lower limb amputation, Parkinson's disease, major stroke with motor sequelae); daily consumption of more than two alcoholic beverages; current treatment for cancer, and estimated life expectancy less than 4 years. Inclusion/exclusion will be verified using the demographics and medical history.
Phase 2: Clinical diagnosis of dementia; major depression (diagnosed by a physician), visual or auditory impairments that preclude neuropsychological testing or otherwise jeopardize the health and wellbeing of the participant during testing, non-ambulatory status (i.e. less than 10 m without mobility aid), shortness of breath while performing normal activities of daily living (walking through grocery store), body mass index greater than 45 kg/m2, heart failure or cardiomyopathy, acute coronary syndrome, primary valvular heart disease, severe gait disorder due to musculoskeletal disease or neurological motor deficit (e.g. severe osteoarthritis, lower limb amputation, Parkinson's disease, major stroke with motor sequelae), daily consumption of more than two alcoholic beverages; current treatment for cancer, and estimated life expectancy less than 4 years. Inclusion/exclusion will be verified using the demographics and medical history.
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Adult men and women currently living in Tarrant County will be contacted through IRB approved flyers, targeted ads (social media), and/or word-of-mouth.
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Michael Nelson, PhD | Contact | 8175130383 | michael.nelson3@uta.edu | |
| Rajvi Shah, MPH | Contact | 2147557343 | rajvi.shah@uta.edu |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Texas Arlington | Recruiting | Arlington | Texas | 76019 | United States |
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Whole blood will be stored in special tubes that preserve genetic material. Genetic testing experiments, including targeted single variants, single gene testing, genetic panel testing, whole genome sequencing, chromosomal testing, gene expression and biochemical testing, may be performed on the samples.
A wrist-worn continuous activity tracker (Fitbit wristband) will be worn by the subjects for 7 days.
| Baseline |
| Sedentary Time | A wrist-worn continuous activity tracker with heart rate monitor (Fitbit wristband) will be worn by the subjects for 7 days. | Baseline |
| Sleep | A wrist-worn continuous activity tracker (Fitbit) will be worn by the subjects for 7 days to assess total sleep time, and sleep quality. | Baseline |
| Medical History Questionnaire | Participants will complete health history questionnaires to gain a deeper understanding of their lived experiences and past medical history. | Baseline |
| Complete blood count | Venous blood will be drawn by a trained phlebotomist and/or nurse in the fasting state. Blood will be shipped to LabCorp for processing of the complete blood count. | Baseline |
| Functional Mobility | Objective gait measurements will be obtained using a gait mat. Participants will complete 6 separate walks down the full length of the walkway; 3 walks at a preferred pace and 3 walks while performing different secondary tasks (i.e. dual-task gait) in a fixed order:
Walking aids will be permitted. | Baseline |
| Cognitive Function | Cognitive function will be assessed using the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery (NIHTB-CB), administered on an iPad or computer by a trained study team member. | Baseline |
| Lower extremity function | Participants will perform the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). The test includes walking, the sit-to-stand test and balance. | Baseline |
| Grip strength | Grip strength will be measured following a standardized approach using a validated Jamar handgrip dynamometer (Model J00105, JAMAR Hydraulic Hand Dynamometer). | Baseline |
| Bone Density | Participants will undergo Dual X-Ray Absorbency (DEXA) to measure bone density. | Baseline |
| Interstitial glucose | A continuous glucose monitor that measures interstitial glucose will be worn by the subject for 7 days. | Baseline |
| Body Composition | Participants will undergo Dual X-Ray Absorbency (DEXA) to measure subcutaneous and visceral fat content. | Baseline |
| Ambulatory blood pressure | A wrist worn continuous blood pressure monitor (Aktiia wristband) will be worn by the subjects for 7 days for the measurement of ambulatory blood pressure. | Baseline |
| Exercise Capacity | Exercise Capacity will be assessed using the six-minute walk test. | Baseline |
| Blood lipids | Venous blood will be drawn and shipped to Labcorp for blood lipid analysis | Baseline |
| Metabolic Panel (blood) | Venous blood will be drawn and shipped to labcorp for evaluation of the metabolic panel. | Baseline |
| Apolipoprotein A | Measured by labcrop from venous blood draw. | Baseline |
| Apolipoprotein B | Analyzed by labcorp from venous blood draw. | Baseline |
| Lipoprotein A | Analyzed by labcorp from venous blood draw | Baseline |
| Blood checmistry panel | Analyzed by labcorp from venous blood draw | Baseline |
| HbA1C (blood) | Analyzed by labcorp from venous blood draw | Baseline |
| High sensitivity C reactive protein (blood) | Analyzed by labcorp from venous blood draw | Baseline |
| Genetic testing | Whole blood (approximately 25 ml) will be stored in special tubes that preserve genetic material in our -80ºC freezer. Genetic testing experiments, including targeted single variants, single gene testing, genetic panel testing, whole genome sequencing, chromosomal testing, gene expression and biochemical testing, may be performed on the samples. | Baseline |