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| ID | Type | Description | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1919B012224567 | Other Grant/Funding Number | TUBITAK |
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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey | OTHER |
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Obesity, a health problem, is caused by insufficient physical activity and unhealthy nutrition. For individuals with obesity, non-weight-bearing and enjoyable exercises, such as Pilates, should be implemented as physical activity due to potential pain. This study aims to examine the effects of an 8-week Pilates exercise program on body composition, posture, and psychosocial parameters in individuals with and without obesity. Methods: The study included 58 female participants: 30 individuals with obesity (nPilates = 15; nControl = 15) and 28 individuals without obesity (nPilates = 14; nControl = 14). Participants performed Pilates exercises twice a week for 8 weeks. Body Mass Index (BMI), body fat percentage (BFP), and posture scores were calculated, and from a psychosocial perspective Emotional Eating Scale (EE), Social Physique Anxiety Inventory (SPA), and Self-Esteem Scales (SE) were administered before and after the eight weeks.
There are no studies in the literature examining the effects of Pilates exercises on emotional eating and posture. Additionally, there are no studies examining the effects of Pilates on posture in individuals with obesity. Most studies in the literature have focused on sedentary women; however, no study has specifically examined the effects of Pilates-based exercises on individuals with and without obesity. This study aims to investigate the effects of an 8-week Pilates intervention on postural alignment, BMI, fat percentage, and psychosocial parameters (emotional eating, social physical anxiety, and self-esteem) in individuals with and without obesity. Thus, this study will provide valuable insights into the role of Pilates in weight management, posture correction, and psychosocial well-being among individuals with and without obesity. The study included 58 female participants: 30 individuals with obesity (nPilates = 15; nControl = 15) and 28 individuals without obesity (nPilates = 14; nControl = 14). Participants performed Pilates exercises twice a week for 8 weeks. Body Mass Index (BMI), body fat percentage (BFP), and posture scores were calculated, and from a psychosocial perspective Emotional Eating Scale (EE), Social Physique Anxiety Inventory (SPA), and Self-Esteem Scales (SE) were administered before and after the eight weeks.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pilates Group with Obesity | Experimental | The obese intervention group received Pilates exercises for 8 weeks. |
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| Pilates Group without Obesity | Experimental | The non-obese intervention group received Pilates exercises for 8 weeks. |
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| Control Group with Obesity | No Intervention | The obese control group received no intervention for 8 weeks. | |
| Control Group without Obesity | No Intervention | The non-obese control group received no intervention for 8 weeks. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pilates Exercise | Other | Pilates exercises were applied for 8 weeks |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Body Mass Index (BMI) | Difference in BMI before and after the 8-week Pilates intervention. BMI is calculated as weight (kg) divided by height (m²). | Baseline and at the end of 8 weeks |
| Change in Body Fat Percentage | Difference in body fat percentage before and after the intervention, assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) | Baseline and at the end of 8 weeks |
| Change in Posture Score | Assessed using the New York Posture Rating Scale to evaluate improvements in postural alignment. This assessment is conducted by scoring potential postural changes in 13 different parts of the body. If the person's each parts of body posture is correct, a score of 5 is given; if moderately impaired, a score of 3; and if severely impaired, a score of 1. The total score ranges from a maximum of 65 to a minimum of 13. A higher score indicates better posture alignment. | Baseline and at the end of 8 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Changes in Emotional Eating | Participants' emotional eating changes were measured with the Emotional Eating Scale. The scale consists of 10 items and is structured in a 4-point Likert format (0 = Never, 1 = Sometimes, 2 = Often, 3 = Always). The scale is scored between 0 and 30. A score of "30" indicates the highest level of emotional eating behavior, while a score of "0" indicates the absence of emotional eating behavior. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Female
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Sema Arslan Kabasakal | University of Yalova | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yalova University | Yalova | Turkey | 77200 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 40849103 | Result | Arslan Kabasakal S, Delice B. Investigating the Effects of Pilates on Body Composition, Posture, and Psychosocial Parameters in Women With and Without Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Study. J Phys Act Health. 2025 Aug 23;22(12):1557-1567. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2024-0498. Print 2025 Dec 1. |
| Label | URL |
|---|---|
| The dataset supporting the findings of this study is restricted due to privacy concerns. Researchers may request access by contacting \[institution/contact details\]. | View source |
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We attach importance to protecting the confidentiality of data.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009765 | Obesity |
| D050177 | Overweight |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D044343 | Overnutrition |
| D009748 | Nutrition Disorders |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D001835 | Body Weight |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D026241 | Exercise Movement Techniques |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D026741 | Physical Therapy Modalities |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
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This study follows a randomized, parallel assignment interventional model with an open-label design. Participants were randomly assigned into four groups based on their obesity status and Pilates intervention:
Pilates group with obesity Pilates group without obesity Control group with obesity Control group without obesity The intervention consisted of an 8-week Pilates program administered to the experimental groups, while control groups did not receive any intervention. The study aimed to examine the effects of Pilates on BMI, fat percentage, posture, emotional eating, social physical anxiety, and self-esteem.
A mixed-design ANOVA was conducted to analyze the interaction between time (pre-test vs. post-test) and group differences. ANCOVA was used to adjust for baseline differences. Additional analyses, including independent samples t-tests and Chi-Square tests, were performed to assess BMI category changes. The study was conducted with an α-level of 0.05 for statistical significance
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The researcher who performed the exercises was masked
| Baseline and at the end of 8 weeks |
| Change in Social Physique Anxiety | Changes in participants' social physics anxiety levels were measured with The Social Physique Anxiety Inventory. The items in the inventory are answered using a five-point scale (completely false, mostly false, sometimes false, sometimes true, mostly true, completely true). The minimum possible score from the inventory is 12, and the maximum is 60. Higher scores indicate higher levels of anxiety about physical appearance | Baseline and at the end of 8 weeks |
| Change in Self-Esteem | The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale was used to measure self-esteem. The scale consists of 31 items. The minimum score is 31 and the maximum score is 155. An increase in the score obtained from the scale indicates an increase in self-esteem. | Baseline and at the end of 8 weeks |
| D012816 |
| Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D001519 | Behavior |