Observational Study on the Impact of Obstructive Sleep Apnea on Executive Function and Empathy Development in Children

Observational Study on the Impact of Obstructive Sleep Apnea on Executive Function and Empathy Development in Children

This study aims to investigate the effects of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on executive function and empathy development in children aged 3-12 years. The study will compare the outcomes of different treatment approaches (surgical vs. pharmacological) in children with mild OSA and track the progression of cognitive and emotional functions over 12 months. The study will also explore potential EEG biomarkers for assessing neurological damage in OSA children.

This is a prospective observational cohort study conducted at the Sleep Center of the Respiratory Department and the Department of Child and Adolescent Healthcare, Children's Hospital of Soochow University. Children diagnosed with OSA will be divided into groups based on disease severity (mild, moderate, severe) and treatment choice (surgical or pharmacological). The study will assess executive function and empathy levels at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months post-intervention using behavioral tests, EEG, and parent-reported questionnaires. The study aims to provide evidence for treatment selection in mild OSA children and identify EEG biomarkers for neurological damage.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Children aged 3-12 years.
• Diagnosed with OSA due to adenoid and/or tonsillar hypertrophy.
• IQ ≥ 85.
• Parental consent for participation.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Other primary sleep disorders (e.g., narcolepsy, restless leg syndrome).
• Developmental delay, epilepsy, or other neurological/metabolic disorders.
• Chronic diseases or history of head trauma.