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The rate of musculoskeletal pain among older people is increasing worldwide and significantly impacts the quality of life. Regular exercise can help prevent and manage chronic musculoskeletal pain because older individuals who are not physically active may have less muscle strength and a higher risk of impairment and injury than physically active persons. As a result, a tailored exercise program may prevent the loss of health-related quality of life among diverse elderly. This study aimed to develop a structured exercise module and identify its effect on musculoskeletal pain and the quality of life of older adults.
Background: The rate of musculoskeletal pain among older people is increasing worldwide and significantly impacts the quality of life. Regular exercise can help prevent and manage chronic musculoskeletal pain because older individuals who are not physically active may have less muscle strength and a higher risk of impairment and injury than physically active persons. As a result, a tailored exercise program may prevent the loss of health-related quality of life among diverse elderly.
Objectives: This study aimed to develop a structured exercise module and identify its effect on musculoskeletal pain and the quality of life of older adults.
Method: A quasi-experimental study was conducted among 60 older adults who experienced musculoskeletal pain in the East Coast Malaysia; Pahang, Terengganu, and Kelantan between January and February 2021. A set of questionnaires contained three parts; Part A: Socio-demographic Background, Part B: Musculoskeletal Pain (Pain Score), and Part C: Functional Limitation. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire through an online survey. Data collection processes go through three phases. Phase I: pre-intervention phase, Phase II: intervention session, and Phase III: post-intervention.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Experimental | intervention session, the researcher conducted a structured musculoskeletal exercise programme in the intervention group, |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Structured musculoskeletal exercise programme | Other | The module emphasizes specific exercises, strength training with and without weight, flexibility exercises and balancing exercises. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Musculoskeletal Pain (Pain Score) | It assess the severity of musculoskeletal pain in older people by using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). It ranged from 0 to 10; 0 indicates no pain, 5 for moderate pain, and 10 indicates the worst pain. | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks |
| Functional Limitation | It focuses on the potential of participants to conduct daily life tasks through the use of the Malay edition of Lawton's Daily Living Instrumental Activities (Kadar et al., 2018; Morrow, 1999). This section includes 8 questions which were based on dichotomous questions (Yes or No). The total possible score is 8. This segment asks about the ability to use the telephone, shop, prepare food, do housekeeping, wash, mode of transport, be responsible of their medication, and their ability in managing their money. | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pusat Aktiviti Warga Emas (PAWE) | Kuantan | Pahang | 25200 | Malaysia |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| Background | Morrow, S. (1999). Instrumental activities of daily living scale. American Journal of Nursing, 99(1), 24CC. | ||
| 29315609 | Background | Kadar M, Ibrahim S, Razaob NA, Chai SC, Harun D. Validity and reliability of a Malay version of the Lawton instrumental activities of daily living scale among the Malay speaking elderly in Malaysia. Aust Occup Ther J. 2018 Feb;65(1):63-68. doi: 10.1111/1440-1630.12441. Epub 2018 Jan 9. |
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There is not a plan to make IPD available due to confidential issues
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D059352 | Musculoskeletal Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009135 | Muscular Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
| D010146 | Pain |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
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| D012816 |
| Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |