Effects of Conditioning Exercises and Resistance Interval Training on Post CABG Patients.

Comparison Between Conditioning Exercises and Resistance Interval Training on Quality of Life, Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Endurance in Post-CABG Patients

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a global health challenge influenced by diabetes, hypertension, and psychosocial stress, with women having a higher prevalence of Coronary microvascular disease. Promoting coronary collateral circulation offers an alternative coronary artery disease CAD treatment. Invasive interventions like PCI and CABG aim to enhance coronary flow, restoring blood flow to ischemic myocardium. Post-CABG challenges include depression, anxiety, and factors affecting quality of life. Physiotherapy impacts heart rate variability, with virtual reality physiotherapy reducing both heart rate variability and hospital stay. Cardiac rehabilitation involves lifestyle changes, enhancing functional capacity, and supporting early recovery. Pre-operative respiratory muscle training improves outcomes. Acute high-intensity interval exercise and mild continuous exercise benefit exercise recovery. This research compares conditioning exercises and resistance interval training effects on post-CABG patients' well-being.

The randomized clinical trial will be conducted in physical therapy department at the District Headquarters (DHQ) in Gujranwala, employing a non-probability convenience sampling technique. The study aims to include individuals aged 40-55 years. Participants in phase IV cardiac rehabilitation. Both female and male will be included.Exclusion criteria involve individuals with another clinical trial involving physical protocols. Regular practice of physical exercise of more than 150min per week in last 3 months. Decompensated heart failure. Further exclusions encompass individuals who have had an acute myocardial infarction or cardiac surgery within the last 6 months, severe valvular heart diseases, uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmias, asymmetric septal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with dynamic obstruction in the outflow pathway, musculoskeletal disorders limiting completion of the exercise program, and impaired cognitive status affecting understanding and adherence to the study protocol. Group A will be given a Conditioning exercise protocol while the other Group B will be given resistance interval training. The difference in improvement before and after 6 weeks will be documented and compared.

Inclusion Criteria:

• age 40-55 years
• post-coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) patients both females and males were included
• New York Heart Association criteria IV
• Hemodynamically stable patient

Exclusion Criteria:

• Fall in New York Heart Association criteria II III;
• Hemoglobin < 9 g/dL;
• Patients with peripheral or vascular problems of the lower limb,
• Cognitive and/or mental disorders;
• Exercise limiting comorbidities (primarily orthopedic, neurological condition)
• Enrollment in another clinical trial involving physical training protocols.
• Not willing to participate