Islamic-Oriented vs. Standard Ericksonian Hypnotherapy for Anxiety and Depression

Efficacy of Islamic-Oriented Ericksonian Hypnotherapy vs. Standard Ericksonian Hypnotherapy in Reducing Anxiety and Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial

This randomized controlled trial (RCT) aims to compare the effectiveness of Islamic-Oriented Ericksonian Hypnotherapy (IEH) and Standard Ericksonian Hypnotherapy (SEH) in reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression. The study will enroll 90 participants with mild to moderate anxiety and depression, who will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: (1) IEH intervention, (2) SEH intervention, or (3) control group (no intervention). Participants in the intervention groups will receive 12 weekly hypnotherapy sessions, each lasting 60 minutes. The primary outcomes include changes in Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) scores from baseline to post-intervention and at a 4-week follow-up.

The study will also assess whether religious belief levels moderate the effects of the intervention using the OK-Religious Attitude Scale. Data collection will be performed at Istanbul Nişantaşı University, and ethical approval has been obtained.

This randomized controlled trial evaluates the differential effects of Islamic-Oriented Ericksonian Hypnotherapy (IEH) and Standard Ericksonian Hypnotherapy (SEH) in alleviating symptoms of anxiety and depression among religious Muslim adults. The primary objective is to examine whether the integration of Islamic religious elements into Ericksonian hypnotherapy enhances clinical outcomes compared to its standard application.

The study follows a parallel-group design with three arms: IEH, SEH, and a no-intervention control. Ninety participants (30 per group) are randomized using stratified block randomization based on age and gender. All intervention sessions are manualized, delivered by trained clinical psychologists, and conducted weekly over 12 weeks (each lasting 60 minutes).

IEH sessions incorporate culturally and religiously adapted therapeutic elements, such as Quranic metaphors, Islamic imagery, and spiritual affirmations, in line with the Ericksonian framework. SEH sessions utilize traditional hypnotic techniques including metaphorical storytelling, guided imagery, and indirect suggestions, without religious content.

Primary outcome measures include changes in Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) scores from baseline to Week 12 (post-intervention) and Week 16 (follow-up). Secondary analyses will investigate whether religiosity levels (measured via the OK-Religious Attitude Scale) moderate treatment effects. Blinded outcome assessors will ensure unbiased data collection.

This study addresses the need for culturally responsive mental health interventions within Muslim populations. Ethical approval was obtained from the İstanbul Nişantaşı University Ethics Committee (Approval No: 20250103-27). Results are expected to contribute to evidence-based development of spiritually integrated psychotherapeutic models for anxiety and depression.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Muslim individuals aged 18-65 years.
• Mild to moderate anxiety and/or depression symptoms (assessed via Beck
• Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI)).
• No formal psychiatric diagnosis but experiencing psychological distress.
• High religious belief levels, assessed via OK-Religious Attitude Scale.
• Not currently receiving psychotherapy or psychotropic medication.
• Ability to give informed consent and complete the study requirements.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Severe psychiatric disorders (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, severe MDD).
• Current use of psychotropic medication or undergoing psychotherapy.
• History of substance abuse or dependence.
• Diagnosed dissociative disorders (contraindications for hypnosis).
• Cognitive impairment affecting comprehension of intervention.
• Severe medical conditions that may interfere with participation.