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Pulmonary aspiration is a rare but serious complication that can result in 57% mortality and 14% permanent damage. Fasting rules (solid foods 6-8 hours, clear liquids 2 hours) determined by anesthesia associations are applied to prevent pulmonary aspiration by reducing gastric volume. Gastric volume (≥ 0.5 mL/kg) and pH (<2.5) values are shown to be determinants in the occurrence of pulmonary complications .
The hypothesis of this study was that preprocedure candy and chewing gum use may have no effects on gastric residual volume and pH. For this purpose, we analyzed the gastric residual volume and gastric pH values of patients who were given gum and candy before the procedure.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group control | Active Comparator | strict fasting rules |
|
| Group gum | Active Comparator | chewed gum within 2 hours before the procedure |
|
| Group candy | Active Comparator | consumed candy within 2 hours before the procedure |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gum | Other | chewed gum within 2 hours before the procedure |
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Gastric volume | No washing was performed during the insertion and advancement of the endoscope. The entire gastric volume were aspirated into a scaled container (medbar collection container). The amount of collected samples was recorded . | baseline |
| Gastric pH measurements | No washing was performed during the insertion and advancement of the endoscope. The entire gastric contents were aspirated into a scaled container (medbar collection container). The amount of collected samples was recorded and pH analysis (WTW inoLab® pH 7310 Table Type pH Meter) was performed. | baseline |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| endoscopist satisfaction | At the end of the procedure, endoscopist satisfaction (0=unsatisfied 1=abstained 2=satisfied) and procedure difficulty (0=easy 1=normal 2=difficult) | baseline |
| general procedure satisfaction |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Mehmet fatih erol, M.D | Bursa Yuksek ıhtısas tra | Study Director |
| Füsun gözen, M.D | Bursa Yuksek Ihtısas tranin and research hospital | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mehmet Fatih Erol | Bursa | 16400 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002638 | Chewing Gum |
| D002182 | Candy |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D053149 | Plant Gums |
| D001704 | Biopolymers |
| D011108 | Polymers |
| D046911 | Macromolecular Substances |
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| candy |
| Other |
consumed candy within 2 hours before the procedure |
|
| strict fasting rules | Other | followed strict fasting rules |
|
Before discharge, general procedure satisfaction (0=unsatisfied, 1=abstained, 2=satisfied), product satisfaction (0=unsatisfied, 1=abstained, 2=satisfied), product effects (1=increase in hunger, 2=increase in thirst, 3=increase in dyspepsia, 4=abstained, 5= decrease in hunger, 6= decrease in thirst, 7= decrease in dyspepsia)
| baseline |
| Complication | Perioperative |
| D011134 |
| Polysaccharides |
| D002241 | Carbohydrates |
| D053147 | Plant Exudates |
| D001688 | Biological Products |
| D045424 | Complex Mixtures |
| D005502 | Food |
| D000066888 | Diet, Food, and Nutrition |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |
| D019602 | Food and Beverages |