Assessment of Depression, Anxiety and ADHD Among Children and Adolescents With Congenital Heart Disease.

Assessment of Depression, Anxiety and ADHD Among Children and Adolescents With Congenital Heart Disease.

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect, affecting ∼1% of all live births.The spectrum of CHD is wide, ranging from simple (not requiring immediate or possibly any surgical intervention) to severe or complex (typically defined as CHD requiring surgical intervention within the first month to year of life).

Although overall mortality has improved, most notably in those with complex CHD, many surgical and medical procedures are palliative, and these patients often require multiple interventions throughout their lifetime. Increased CHD survival is now resulting in a continually growing population of adolescents and adults with CHD; this has drawn more attention to the noncardiac comorbidities, including overall mental health, of patients with CHD.There are multiple psychological theories that can potentially explain some of the mental health disorders seen in patients with CHD, such as stressful life events and sociocultural impacts (eg, parenting style).Cognitive models, including learned helplessness and negative information processing, may also contribute to the mental health of children with CHD, who often spend significant amounts of time in the hospital and undergo cardiac procedures and surgeries. The presence of underlying genetic syndromes, parental mental health disorders, cardiopulmonary bypass, prematurity, and prolonged hospitalizations are factors that increase the risk of neurodevelopmental disabilities (NDDs) and likely contribute to anxiety, depression, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adolescents and adults with complex CHD.

Inclusion Criteria:

• childern age from 6 to less than 18
• childern with simple and complex CHD
• in patient and out patient childern
• preoperative and postoperative patient

Exclusion Criteria:

• patient indicated for icu
• patient with critical arrythmias
• caregiver refuse to participate in the study