During root canal preparation, each canal was irrigated with a total of 18 ml of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). In the final irrigation, each root canal was irrigated with 3 ml of 17% ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) for 1 minute, followed by 5 ml of distilled water. Then, 5 ml of 2.5% NaOCl was irrigated, and finally 5 ml of distilled water was used.

During root canal preparation, each canal was irrigated with a total of 18 ml of 2.5% NaOCl. In the final irrigation, each root canal was irrigated with 3 ml of 17% ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) for 1 minute, followed by 5 ml of distilled water. Then, each canal was irrigated with 3 ml of 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) and finally 5 ml of distilled water was used.

During root canal preparation, each canal was irrigated with a total of 18 ml of 2.5% NaOCl. In the final irrigation, each root canal was irrigated with 3 ml of 17% ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) for 1 minute, followed by 5 ml of distilled water. Then, each canal was irrigated with 3 ml of N-acetyl Cysteine (NAC) (200 mg/ml) and finally 5 ml of distilled water was used.

The root canals were irrigated with 3 mL N-acetyl Cysteine (NAC)(200 mg/ml) in N-acetyl Cysteine group in the final irrigation.

The visual analog scale for pain is a straight line with one end meaning no pain (0) and the other end meaning the worst pain (10) imaginable. A patient marks a point on the line that matches the amount of pain he or she feels. It may be used to help choose the right dose of pain medicine. Also called VAS.