This study aims to predict the efficacy of different types of neoadjuvant therapy and related postoperative pathological indicators in patients with esophageal cancer based on imaging parameters from CT and multimodal MRI, as well as clinical indicators collected before and after neoadjuvant treatment.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Consecutive patients with histopathological diagnosis of esophageal cancer.
2. Patients underwent neoadjuvant therapy before radical surgery for esophageal cancer: neoadjuvant chemotherapy, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus immunotherapy, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus immunotherapy.
3. All patients underwent CT and multimodal MRI examinations before and after neoadjuvant therapy.
4. The preoperative clinical data and postoperative pathological data are complete.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with other primary malignant tumors or previous anti-tumor treatment.
2. CT and MRI images with poor quality.

Patients were diagnosed with esophageal cancer by pathology at Zhengzhou University Affiliated Cancer Hospital from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2024. Based on pre-treatment examinations such as endoscopic ultrasound, CT, MRI, and multidisciplinary consultation opinions, these patients underwent radical esophagectomy after receiving different kinds of neoadjuvant therapy.