Sleep TMS for Depression

Optimizing Depression Treatment Through Sleep-state Brain Stimulation

The goal of this study is to establish the feasibility, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of sleep-state transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for enhancing plasticity in depression treatment.

Healthy control participant cohort funded through K99MH141192 and depressed patient cohort funded through K99MH141192 and UM1TR004921.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adults ages 18-65 years
• Current Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) diagnosis
• Failed ≥1 antidepressant medication
• Moderate-to-severe depression
• Stable antidepressant medication dose for ≥ 6 weeks prior to enrollment
• Healthy control participants are adults ages 18-65 years without current MDD symptoms, not taking antidepressant or antipsychotic medications, and without major psychiatric, neurological, substance use, medical conditions affecting brain function, or TMS/MRI contraindications.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Intellectual disability
• Significant head injury/neurological disorder
• Pregnancy or postpartum
• TMS/MRI contraindications
• Active substance use/suicidal ideation