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The aim of this randomised experimental study is to test the effect of different intensities of aerobic exercise on neurotrophin concentration and functional and cognitive functions in post-stroke patients undertaking a single bout and 3-week exercise programme. The main questions to answer are:
The participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups: moderate-intensity continuous training on a bicycle ergometer and standard neurorehabilitation or low-intensity continuous training on a bicycle ergometer and standard neurorehabilitation. Training on a bicycle ergometer was performed four times a week for 45 min for 3 weeks. Each participant attended individual neurorehabilitation sessions 11 times per week (2 physical therapy sessions from Monday to Friday for 45 min each and 1 session on Saturday for 45 min) during the 3-week intervention.
Participants will have pre-tests and post-tests:
Researchers will compare two groups - moderate intensity continuous group and low intensity continuous group to see if there is a modulating effect of different intensities of exercise in participants' outcomes.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| exercise low intensity | Active Comparator |
| |
| exercise moderate intensity | Experimental |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exercise | Behavioral | Training on a bicycle ergometer was performed four times a week for 3 weeks for 45 min. The exercise intensity corresponded to 50%-60% of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Brain-derived neurotrophic factor | Level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in ng/ml | Before and after 3-week intervention; pre and post single bout of exercise in the first day of intervention |
| Glial cell derived neurotrophic factor | Level of glial cell derived neurotrophic factor in ng/ml | Before and after 3-week intervention; pre and post single bout of exercise in the first day of intervention |
| Insulin-like growth factor | Level of insulin-like growth factor in ng/ml | Before and after 3-week intervention; pre and post single bout of exercise in the first day of intervention |
| irisin | Level of irisin in ng/ml | Before and after 3-week intervention; pre and post single bout of exercise in the first day of intervention |
| Vascular-endothelial growth factor A | Level of Vascular-endothelial growth factor A in ng/ml | Before and after 3-week intervention; pre and post single bout of exercise in the first day of intervention |
| The Graded Cycling Test with Talk Test | Cardiorespiratory fitness assessment with the Graded Cycling Test with Talk Test assess submaximal exercise in Watt. Higher Watt means better outcome. | Before and after 3-week intervention |
| Vo2max | Physical performance assessment with Vo2max in mL/min/kg. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Department of Physiology | Poznan | 61-871 | Poland |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000083242 | Ischemic Stroke |
| D020521 | Stroke |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002561 | Cerebrovascular Disorders |
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015444 | Exercise |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
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| Exercise | Behavioral | Training on a bicycle ergometer was performed four times a week for 3 weeks for 45 min. The exercise intensity corresponded to 70 - 80% of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). |
|
| Before and after 3-week intervention |
| Six Minute Walk Test | The 6 minute walking test assesses functional capacity during continuous walking on a 12-m ward hallway for 6 min. The test measures the distance a patient walks in 6 min. | Before and after 3-week intervention |
| Rivermead Motor Assessment | Functional mobility among post-stroke patients was assessed with the Rivermead Motor Assessment, a performance-based measure in points. This later includes 38 items that cover three sections: gross function, leg and trunk and arm function. The total score ranges from 0 to 38 points. Higher scores indicate a higher degree of functional mobility. | Before and after 3-week intervention |
| Barthel Index | The Barthel Index is a scale that measures an individual's functional outcomes. It consists of 10 items that assess activities of daily living, functional mobility, and gait. The score ranges from 0 to 100 points. The higher the score, the greater the individual's ability to self-care | Before and after 3-week intervention |
| Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination | Cognitive functions assessment with Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination in points. Higher scores means better outcome. | Before and after 3-week intervention |
| Beck Depression Inventory | Depressive symptoms assessment with Beck Depression Inventory in points. Higher scores means worse outcome. | Before and after 3-week intervention |
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |