Sham CRIC: The pressure was 60mmHg when the cuff was pressurized, and the other modes were the same as in the CIRC group.

MFT: Participants receive guided mindfulness audio sessions twice daily for ~30 minutes each throughout the perioperative period. Content includes standardized mindfulness practices (e.g., focused attention, body awareness, nonjudgmental observation) designed to reduce anxiety and improve sleep quality.

Participants receive guided mindfulness audio sessions twice daily for ~30 minutes each throughout the perioperative period. Content includes standardized mindfulness practices (e.g., focused attention, body awareness, nonjudgmental observation) designed to reduce anxiety and improve sleep quality.

The pressure was 60mmHg when the cuff was pressurized, and the other modes were the same as those of the CIRC group.

Sham MFT: Health Education + Relaxation (HER): A time- and attention-matched audio program (twice daily, 30 minutes) delivering perioperative recovery and sleep-hygiene education with passive relaxation (music or simple muscle loosening), excluding mindfulness-specific techniques (no present-moment/nonjudgmental awareness training, no breath-focused meditation, no open monitoring).

New onset of heart failure-related symptoms with elevated serum BNP or NT-ProBNP

Hospitalisation for angina pectoris symptoms of all causes, with a discharge diagnosis of angina pectoris

Unplanned revascularisation

Death from any cause

Refers to the number of days when all hospitalizations for all causes of coronary heart disease are stacked together

Refers to medical expenses incurred as a result of coronary heart disease

The degree of improvement in angina symptoms will be assessed using the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ), a 19-item self-administered questionnaire that evaluates five domains of health status in patients with coronary artery disease: physical limitation (9 items), angina stability (1 item), angina frequency (2 items), treatment satisfaction (4 items), and disease perception (3 items). Each domain score ranges from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better function (e.g., less physical limitation, less frequent angina, and better quality of life). A summary score, averaging the physical limitation, angina frequency, and quality of life domains, also ranges from 0 to 100. Improvement will be measured as the change in SAQ domain scores and summary score from baseline to follow-up time points, where an increase of 10 points or more in any domain or the summary score is considered clinically significant.

Changes in anxiety scores will be assessed using the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), a 20-item self-report questionnaire that measures anxiety symptoms across cognitive, autonomic, motor, and central nervous system domains. Each item is rated on a 4-point Likert scale (1 = "none or a little of the time" to 4 = "most or all of the time"), yielding a raw total score ranging from 20 to 80, with higher scores indicating greater anxiety severity. Raw scores can be converted to an index score by multiplying by 1.25 (range: 25 to 100). The change in anxiety scores will be calculated as the difference in raw SAS scores from baseline to follow-up time points. For reference, raw scores are typically interpreted as: <36 (normal), 36-47 (mild anxiety), 48-59 (moderate anxiety), and ≥60 (severe anxiety).

Changes in depression scores will be assessed using the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), a 20-item self-report questionnaire that measures depressive symptoms across affective, psychological, and somatic domains. Each item is rated on a 4-point Likert scale (1 = "none or a little of the time" to 4 = "most or all of the time"), yielding a raw total score ranging from 20 to 80, with higher scores indicating greater depression severity. Raw scores can be converted to an index score by multiplying by 1.25 (range: 25 to 100). The change in depression scores will be calculated as the difference in raw SDS scores from baseline to follow-up time points. For reference, raw scores are typically interpreted as: <40 (normal), 40-47 (mild depression), 48-55 (moderate depression), and ≥56 (severe depression).

Changes in sleep quality will be assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), a 19-item self-report questionnaire that evaluates sleep quality over the past month across seven components: subjective sleep quality (1 item), sleep latency (2 items), sleep duration (1 item), habitual sleep efficiency (3 items), sleep disturbances (9 items), use of sleeping medication (1 item), and daytime dysfunction (2 items). Each component is scored from 0 to 3, with higher scores indicating greater dysfunction. The global PSQI score is the sum of the seven components and ranges from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating poorer sleep quality. Changes in sleep quality will be calculated as the difference in global PSQI scores from baseline to follow-up time points. For reference, a global score >5 is indicative of poor sleep quality.