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The University at Buffalo (UB) Department of Rehabilitation Sciences is looking for adult volunteers with and without spinal cord injuries for a study on hand movement. The goal of the study is to learn about how the brain, nerves, and muscles of the body are connected and perform everyday tasks. This may help us to develop ways to improve the hand functions of people with spinal cord injuries.
The main goal of rehabilitation strategies in humans with spinal cord injury (SCI) is to strengthen transmission in spared neural networks to restore functional movements. Recent evidence showed that neuromodulation approaches may increase the transmission in corticospinal pathway in humans with SCI and improve functional outcomes. Therefore, the investigators aim to investigate how the noninvasive brain stimulation protocols affects neuroplasticity of corticospinal pathway. Specifically, the investigators will use the repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to explore its effect. The investigators will investigate the effect of short-term and long-term rTMS application in individuals with SCI.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| rTMS | Active Comparator | rTMS will be administered and functional and physiological outcomes will be measured before and after each intervention. |
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| Sham rTMS | Sham Comparator | Sham rTMS will be administered and functional and physiological outcomes will be measured before and after each intervention. |
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| rTMS with motor training | Active Comparator | Subjects will receive the rTMS with motor training for long-term up to 50 sessions. Motor training involves hand motor training. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| rTMS | Other | Intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) will be utilized since they have been reported to have a cortical neuromodulatory effect. The iTBS protocol will be applied over primary motor cortex to investigate its effect on corticospinal excitability and functional outcome. Theta burst stimulation (TBS) consists of bursts of pulses containing 3 pulses at 50 Hz (3 pulses per second) repeated at 200 ms intervals (5 Hz). During iTBS, a 2 second train of TBS is repeated every 10 seconds (600 pulses in 190 seconds). |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Motor evoked potentials (MEP) | Transcranial magnetic stimuli (TMS) will be delivered through a figure-of-eight coil over primary motor cortex to the optimal scalp position for activation of hand muscles. The optimal scalp position will be determined by moving the coil in small steps along the hand representations of the primary motor cortex to find the region where the largest MEP can be evoked with the minimum intensity in the targeted muscle. Twenty MEPs will be collected and the peak-to-peak amplitude of MEP will be averaged across trials. | For "rTMS" and "Sham rTMS", the time frame will be one day, before and after each session. For "rTMS with motor training", the time frame will be weekly up to 20 weeks. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) | Individuals will perform a MVC of the targeted hand muscle (first dorsal interosseous) through surface EMG electrodes. The investigators will collect two MVC trials and use the average of the two. | For "rTMS" and "Sham rTMS", the time frame will be one day, before and after each session. For "rTMS with motor training", the time frame will be weekly up to 20 weeks. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
For both healthy individuals and those with SCI:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hang Jin Jo, PhD | Contact | 716-829-2905 | hangjinj@buffalo.edu |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Hang Jin Jo, PhD | State University of New York at Buffalo | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Kimball Tower at The State University of New York at Buffalo | Recruiting | Buffalo | New York | 14214 | United States |
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| Type | Date | Date Unknown |
|---|---|---|
| Release | May 14, 2026 | |
| Reset | Jun 11, 2026 | |
| Release | Jun 12, 2026 | |
| Reset | Jul 9, 2026 |
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| Release Date | Unrelease Date | Unrelease Date Unknown | Reset Date | MCP Release Number |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| May 14, 2026 | Jun 11, 2026 | |||
| Jun 12, 2026 |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013119 | Spinal Cord Injuries |
| D010243 | Paralysis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013118 | Spinal Cord Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D020196 | Trauma, Nervous System |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015444 | Exercise |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
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| Sham rTMS | Other | Sham iTBS protocols will be applied with the same parameters as in iTBS protocol. However, sham coil will be used. |
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| Motor training | Behavioral | The motor training will be focused on participant's hand motor function such as grasping function. |
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| Power Grip Forces | Power grip force will be measured with hand-held dynamometer. | For "rTMS" and "Sham rTMS", the time frame will be one day, before and after each session. For "rTMS with motor training", the time frame will be weekly up to 20 weeks. |
| Jul 9, 2026 |
| D014947 | Wounds and Injuries |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |