Only verbal instructions on oral hygiene including brushing using soft bristles, brushing for 2 minutes, flossing once daily, the use of fluoridated oral rinse, orthodontic appliance care and avoiding hard and sticky food. These instructions were given at the baseline visit. Then, these subjects were re-examined after 4 weeks

the subjects received the same oral hygiene instructions that were described to the control group with the addition of downloading two mobile applications: Brushout app and Brush teeth reminder app. These applications were adjusted to send notifications twice daily in the morning and night as reminders to practice oral hygiene. In addition, oral hygiene practice was tracked by a link that was sent electronically and checked by study researchers as a compliance protocol. Like the control group, subjects were re-examined after 4 weeks.

These applications were adjusted to send notifications twice daily in the morning and night as reminders to practice oral hygiene.

As described by Silness-Löe plaque index, Six teeth (#16, #12, #24, #36, #32, #44) were used to evaluate the plaque present in each surface including facial, lingual, mesial and distal surface. The thickness of the plaque was measured as follows: 0: absence of microbial plaque, 1: thin film of microbial plaque along the free gingival margin, 2: moderate accumulation with plaque in sulcus, 3: large amount of plaque in sulcus or pocket along the free gingival margin.

Gingival index was used to evaluate the gingival condition in each surface including facial, lingual, mesial and distal. The following scores were used: 0: normal gingiva 1: mild inflammation- slight change in color, slight edema and no bleeding on probing, 2: moderate inflammation- redness, edema and glazing and bleeding on probing 3: severe inflammation- marked redness and edema and tendency to spontaneous bleeding, ulceration.