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| ID | Type | Description | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| GOIPG/2023/4158 | Other Grant/Funding Number | Taighde Éireann - Research Ireland |
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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Taighde Éireann - Research Ireland | UNKNOWN |
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This protocol details the full methods of a ten-week moderate-to-high intensity, guidelines-based resistance exercise training intervention compared to a low intensity sham attention control among young adult women with analogue Generalized Anxiety Disorder.
A recent clinical trial supported the anxiolytic effects of regularly-performed resistance exercise training compared to a waitlist control among young adults with and without at least subclinical, or analogue, Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Although the evidence to date is promising, waitlist control conditions cannot control for potential social and psychological benefits of engaging with most interventions, including social contact, expectations for improvement, and mastery experiences, which could potentially be achieved from easier activities. Therefore, this trial aims to replicate the previously investigated World Health Organization and American College of Sports Medicine guidelines-based resistance exercise training program, and expand on this research by more rigorously examining the effects on anxiety and worry symptoms, independent of potential social and psychological benefits of engagement with the intervention. Consequently, this trial quantifies the acute and chronic effects of moderate-to-high intensity, guidelines-based resistance exercise training compared to a low intensity SHAM attention control on signs and symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder among at-risk young adult women with Analogue Generalized Anxiety Disorder. This trial consists of a two-week familiarization protocol, eight weeks of formal resistance exercise training, and a one-month post-intervention follow-up.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Moderate-to-High Intensity Resistance Exercise Training | Experimental | Moderate-to-high intensity, guidelines-based resistance exercise training completed at 70-80% of the estimated one-repetition maximum |
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| Low Intensity SHAM Resistance Exercise Training Attention Control | Sham Comparator | Low intensity SHAM Resistance Exercise Training completed at 20% of the estimated one-repetition maximum |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Moderate-to-High Intensity Resistance Exercise Training | Behavioral | Resistance exercise training was designed in accordance with World Health Organization and American College of Sports Medicine guidelines. The eight-week, twice-weekly intervention was designed such that moderate-to-high intensity participants could achieve two sets of 8-12 repetitions of the eight exercises before volitional fatigue, a deterioration in lifting form, or failure to complete a repetition, using loads of approximately 70-80% of their estimated one-repetition maximum. Completed in the following order, the exercises were: barbell back squat, barbell bench press, hexagon bar deadlift, barbell bent over row, dumbbell lunges, seated dumbbell lateral raises, weighted or unweighted abdominal crunches, and seated dumbbell bicep curls. There was one minute of rest between each set, and two minutes of rest between each exercise. If participants could complete two sets of 12 repetitions, load was increased gradually by approximately 5% in the following session. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Analogue Generalized Anxiety Disorder Status | Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire Generalized Anxiety Disorder subscale score of 6 or greater (Zimmerman & Mattia, 2001) | Baseline |
| Analogue Generalized Anxiety Disorder Status | Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire Generalized Anxiety Disorder subscale score of 6 or greater (Zimmerman & Mattia, 2001) | Week 1 |
| Analogue Generalized Anxiety Disorder Status | Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire Generalized Anxiety Disorder subscale score of 6 or greater (Zimmerman & Mattia, 2001) | Week 4 |
| Analogue Generalized Anxiety Disorder Status | Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire Generalized Anxiety Disorder subscale score of 6 or greater (Zimmerman & Mattia, 2001) | Week 8 |
| Analogue Generalized Anxiety Disorder Status | Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire Generalized Anxiety Disorder subscale score of 6 or greater (Zimmerman & Mattia, 2001) | Week 12 |
| Analogue Generalized Anxiety Disorder Status | Penn State Worry Questionnaire of 45 or greater (Meyer et al., 1990) | Baseline |
| Analogue Generalized Anxiety Disorder Status | Penn State Worry Questionnaire of 45 or greater (Meyer et al., 1990) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Anxiety Symptoms | Trait anxiety was measured using the Trait (STAI-Y2) subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, 2010) | Baseline |
| Anxiety Symptoms | Trait anxiety was measured using the Trait (STAI-Y2) subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, 2010) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Matthew P. Herring, PhD | University of Limerick | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Limerick | Limerick | Munster | V94 T9PX | Ireland |
De-identified individual participant data for all primary and secondary outcomes measures will be made available.
Primary outcome data will be made available for five years at six months following publication of primary outcome summary data. Secondary outcome data will be made available for five years at six months following publications of secondary outcome summary data.
Proposals should be directed to matthew.herring@ul.ie. To gain access, data requestors will need to sign a data access agreement.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D055070 | Resistance Training |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005081 | Exercise Therapy |
| D012046 | Rehabilitation |
| D000359 | Aftercare |
| D003266 | Continuity of Patient Care |
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Parallel group randomized controlled trial of ten weeks of moderate-to-high compared to low intensity SHAM resistance exercise training among young adult women with analogue Generalized Anxiety Disorder
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The principal investigator was blinded to group allocation and performed blinded outcome analyses. Blinding of the investigators who supervised the resistance exercise training sessions was not possible. Participants were not informed of whether they were randomized to an intervention or control group, or of the study hypothesis. At baseline, each participant received an identification number which remained the same throughout the trial. Information that could potentially identify any participant was removed from the working dataset after full data extraction from Qualtrics, such that participants could not be identified based on personal characteristics.
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| Low Intensity SHAM Resistance Exercise Training Attention Control | Behavioral | The low intensity SHAM condition was matched all features of engagement with the moderate-to-high intensity intervention apart from load, and load progression. Low intensity SHAM participants completed the same program with loads of approximately 20% of their estimated one-repetition maximum. To maintain low intensity, repetitions completed on the main, heavier lifts (i.e., back squat, bench press, deadlift, bent over row) were increased from 10 in one session to 12 in the next; load was then increased by approximately 10% in the following session, and 10 reps were performed again. On the remaining lighter, assistance lifts, eight repetitions were performed per set, then one repetition was added to both sets in each session, and load was increased by the smallest increment possible when two sets of 12 repetitions were performed. Borg's 6-20 rating of perceived exertion scores were used to monitor intensity, such that if scores exceeded 11, load and reps were not progressed. |
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| Week 1 |
| Analogue Generalized Anxiety Disorder Status | Penn State Worry Questionnaire of 45 or greater (Meyer et al., 1990) | Week 4 |
| Analogue Generalized Anxiety Disorder Status | Penn State Worry Questionnaire of 45 or greater (Meyer et al., 1990) | Week 8 |
| Analogue Generalized Anxiety Disorder Status | Penn State Worry Questionnaire of 45 or greater (Meyer et al., 1990) | Week 12 |
| Worry Symptoms | 16-item Penn State Worry Questionnaire (Meyer et al., 1990) | Baseline |
| Worry Symptoms | 16-item Penn State Worry Questionnaire (Meyer et al., 1990) | Pre-week 1 |
| Worry Symptoms | 16-item Penn State Worry Questionnaire (Meyer et al., 1990) | Week 1 |
| Worry Symptoms | 16-item Penn State Worry Questionnaire (Meyer et al., 1990) | Week 2 |
| Worry Symptoms | 16-item Penn State Worry Questionnaire (Meyer et al., 1990) | Week 3 |
| Worry Symptoms | 16-item Penn State Worry Questionnaire (Meyer et al., 1990) | Week 4 |
| Worry Symptoms | 16-item Penn State Worry Questionnaire (Meyer et al., 1990) | Week 5 |
| Worry Symptoms | 16-item Penn State Worry Questionnaire (Meyer et al., 1990) | Week 6 |
| Worry Symptoms | 16-item Penn State Worry Questionnaire (Meyer et al., 1990) | Week 7 |
| Worry Symptoms | 16-item Penn State Worry Questionnaire (Meyer et al., 1990) | Week 8 |
| Worry Symptoms | 16-item Penn State Worry Questionnaire (Meyer et al., 1990) | Week 12 |
| Pre-week 1 |
| Anxiety Symptoms | Trait anxiety was measured using the Trait (STAI-Y2) subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, 2010) | Week 1 |
| Anxiety Symptoms | Trait anxiety was measured using the Trait (STAI-Y2) subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, 2010) | Week 2 |
| Anxiety Symptoms | Trait anxiety was measured using the Trait (STAI-Y2) subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, 2010) | Week 3 |
| Anxiety Symptoms | Trait anxiety was measured using the Trait (STAI-Y2) subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, 2010) | Week 4 |
| Anxiety Symptoms | Trait anxiety was measured using the Trait (STAI-Y2) subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, 2010) | Week 5 |
| Anxiety Symptoms | Trait anxiety was measured using the Trait (STAI-Y2) subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, 2010) | Week 6 |
| Anxiety Symptoms | Trait anxiety was measured using the Trait (STAI-Y2) subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, 2010) | Week 7 |
| Anxiety Symptoms | Trait anxiety was measured using the Trait (STAI-Y2) subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, 2010) | Week 8 |
| Anxiety Symptoms | Trait anxiety was measured using the Trait (STAI-Y2) subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, 2010) | Week 12 |
| Anxiety Symptoms | State anxiety was measured using the State (STAI-Y1) subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, 2010) | Baseline |
| Anxiety Symptoms | State anxiety was measured using the State (STAI-Y1) subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, 2010) | Pre-acute resistance exercise bout week 1 |
| Anxiety Symptoms | State anxiety was measured using the State (STAI-Y1) subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, 2010) | Post-acute resistance exercise bout week 1 |
| Anxiety Symptoms | State anxiety was measured using the State (STAI-Y1) subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, 2010) | Pre-acute resistance exercise bout week 8 |
| Anxiety Symptoms | State anxiety was measured using the State (STAI-Y1) subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, 2010) | Post-acute resistance exercise bout week 8 |
| Depressive Symptoms | 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (Rush et al., 2003) | Baseline |
| Depressive Symptoms | 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (Rush et al., 2003) | Pre-week 1 |
| Depressive Symptoms | 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (Rush et al., 2003) | Week 1 |
| Depressive Symptoms | 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (Rush et al., 2003) | Week 2 |
| Depressive Symptoms | 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (Rush et al., 2003) | Week 3 |
| Depressive Symptoms | 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (Rush et al., 2003) | Week 4 |
| Depressive Symptoms | 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (Rush et al., 2003) | Week 5 |
| Depressive Symptoms | 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (Rush et al., 2003) | Week 6 |
| Depressive Symptoms | 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (Rush et al., 2003) | Week 7 |
| Depressive Symptoms | 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (Rush et al., 2003) | Week 8 |
| Depressive Symptoms | 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (Rush et al., 2003) | Week 12 |
| Mood | Subscales of the Profile of Mood States - Brief Form (McNair et al., 1992) | Baseline |
| Mood | Subscales of the Profile of Mood States - Brief Form (McNair et al., 1992) | Pre-week 1 |
| Mood | Subscales of the Profile of Mood States - Brief Form (McNair et al., 1992) | Week 1 |
| Mood | Subscales of the Profile of Mood States - Brief Form (McNair et al., 1992) | Week 2 |
| Mood | Subscales of the Profile of Mood States - Brief Form (McNair et al., 1992) | Week 3 |
| Mood | Subscales of the Profile of Mood States - Brief Form (McNair et al., 1992) | Week 4 |
| Mood | Subscales of the Profile of Mood States - Brief Form (McNair et al., 1992) | Week 5 |
| Mood | Subscales of the Profile of Mood States - Brief Form (McNair et al., 1992) | Week 6 |
| Mood | Subscales of the Profile of Mood States - Brief Form (McNair et al., 1992) | Week 7 |
| Mood | Subscales of the Profile of Mood States - Brief Form (McNair et al., 1992) | Week 8 |
| Mood | Subscales of the Profile of Mood States - Brief Form (McNair et al., 1992) | Week 12 |
| Mood | Subscales of the Profile of Mood States - Brief Form (McNair et al., 1992) | Pre-acute resistance exercise bout week 1 |
| Mood | Subscales of the Profile of Mood States - Brief Form (McNair et al., 1992) | Post-acute resistance exercise bout week 1 |
| Mood | Subscales of the Profile of Mood States - Brief Form (McNair et al., 1992) | Pre-acute resistance exercise bout week 8 |
| Mood | Subscales of the Profile of Mood States - Brief Form (McNair et al., 1992) | Post-acute resistance exercise bout week 8 |
| Analogue Major Depressive Disorder Status | Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire Major Depressive Disorder subscale score of 9 or greater (Zimmerman & Mattia, 2001) | Baseline |
| Analogue Major Depressive Disorder Status | Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire Major Depressive Disorder subscale score of 9 or greater (Zimmerman & Mattia, 2001) | Week 1 |
| Analogue Major Depressive Disorder Status | Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire Major Depressive Disorder subscale score of 9 or greater (Zimmerman & Mattia, 2001) | Week 4 |
| Analogue Major Depressive Disorder Status | Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire Major Depressive Disorder subscale score of 9 or greater (Zimmerman & Mattia, 2001) | Week 8 |
| Analogue Major Depressive Disorder Status | Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire Major Depressive Disorder subscale score of 9 or greater (Zimmerman & Mattia, 2001) | Week 12 |
| Analogue Panic Disorder Status | Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire Panic Disorder subscale score of 4 or greater (Zimmerman & Mattia, 2001) | Baseline |
| Analogue Panic Disorder Status | Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire Panic Disorder subscale score of 4 or greater (Zimmerman & Mattia, 2001) | Week 1 |
| Analogue Panic Disorder Status | Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire Panic Disorder subscale score of 4 or greater (Zimmerman & Mattia, 2001) | Week 4 |
| Analogue Panic Disorder Status | Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire Panic Disorder subscale score of 4 or greater (Zimmerman & Mattia, 2001) | Week 8 |
| Analogue Panic Disorder Status | Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire Panic Disorder subscale score of 4 or greater (Zimmerman & Mattia, 2001) | Week 12 |
| Analogue Social Anxiety Disorder Status | Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire Social Anxiety Disorder subscale score of 4 or greater (Zimmerman & Mattia, 2001) | Baseline |
| Analogue Social Anxiety Disorder Status | Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire Social Anxiety Disorder subscale score of 4 or greater (Zimmerman & Mattia, 2001) | Week 1 |
| Analogue Social Anxiety Disorder Status | Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire Social Anxiety Disorder subscale score of 4 or greater (Zimmerman & Mattia, 2001) | Week 4 |
| Analogue Social Anxiety Disorder Status | Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire Social Anxiety Disorder subscale score of 4 or greater (Zimmerman & Mattia, 2001) | Week 8 |
| Analogue Social Anxiety Disorder Status | Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire Social Anxiety Disorder subscale score of 4 or greater (Zimmerman & Mattia, 2001) | Week 12 |
| Sleep Quality | Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (Buysse et al., 1989) | Baseline |
| Sleep Quality | Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (Buysse et al., 1989) | Week 1 |
| Sleep Quality | Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (Buysse et al., 1989) | Week 4 |
| Sleep Quality | Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (Buysse et al., 1989) | Week 8 |
| Sleep Quality | Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (Buysse et al., 1989) | Week 12 |
| Irritability Symptoms | 21-item Irritability Questionnaire (Craig et al., 2008) | Baseline |
| Irritability Symptoms | 21-item Irritability Questionnaire (Craig et al., 2008) | Week 1 |
| Irritability Symptoms | 21-item Irritability Questionnaire (Craig et al., 2008) | Week 4 |
| Irritability Symptoms | 21-item Irritability Questionnaire (Craig et al., 2008) | Week 8 |
| Irritability Symptoms | 21-item Irritability Questionnaire (Craig et al., 2008) | Week 12 |
| Rumination | Rumination-Reflection Questionnaire (Trapnell and Campbell, 1999) | Baseline |
| Rumination | Rumination-Reflection Questionnaire (Trapnell and Campbell, 1999) | Week 1 |
| Rumination | Rumination-Reflection Questionnaire (Trapnell and Campbell, 1999) | Week 4 |
| Rumination | Rumination-Reflection Questionnaire (Trapnell and Campbell, 1999) | Week 8 |
| Rumination | Rumination-Reflection Questionnaire (Trapnell and Campbell, 1999) | Week 12 |
| Cognitive Functioning | Stroop Colour and Word Test (Williams et al., 1996) | Baseline |
| Cognitive Functioning | Stroop Colour and Word Test (Williams et al., 1996) | Pre-acute resistance exercise bout week 1 |
| Cognitive Functioning | Stroop Colour and Word Test (Williams et al., 1996) | Post-acute resistance exercise bout week 1 |
| Cognitive Functioning | Stroop Colour and Word Test (Williams et al., 1996) | Pre-acute resistance exercise bout week 8 |
| Cognitive Functioning | Stroop Colour and Word Test (Williams et al., 1996) | Post-acute resistance exercise bout week 8 |
| Cognitive Functioning | Stroop Colour and Word Test (Williams et al., 1996) | Week 8 |
| Cognitive Functioning | Trail Making Test (Tombaugh, 2004) | Baseline |
| Cognitive Functioning | Trail Making Test (Tombaugh, 2004) | Pre-acute resistance exercise bout week 1 |
| Cognitive Functioning | Trail Making Test (Tombaugh, 2004) | Post-acute resistance exercise bout week 1 |
| Cognitive Functioning | Trail Making Test (Tombaugh, 2004) | Pre-acute resistance exercise bout week 8 |
| Cognitive Functioning | Trail Making Test (Tombaugh, 2004) | Post-acute resistance exercise bout week 8 |
| Cognitive Functioning | Trail Making Test (Tombaugh, 2004) | Week 8 |
| Resistance Exercise Expectations | 15-item Expected Psychological Outcomes of Resistance Exercise Training (EPO-RET) questionnaire, derived from the Expected Psychological Outcomes of Exercise Questionnaire (Lindheimer et al., 2020). Participants were asked "For each of the below outcomes, think about how you would expect to feel after completing a resistance exercise program (2 sessions per week for 8-12 weeks) relative to how you typically feel". | Baseline |
| Resistance Exercise Expectations | 15-item Expected Psychological Outcomes of Resistance Exercise Training (EPO-RET) questionnaire, derived from the Expected Psychological Outcomes of Exercise Questionnaire (Lindheimer et al., 2020). Participants were asked "For each of the below outcomes, think about how you would expect to feel after completing a resistance exercise program (2 sessions per week for 8-12 weeks) relative to how you typically feel". | Week 1 |
| Resistance Exercise Expectations | 15-item Expected Psychological Outcomes of Resistance Exercise Training (EPO-RET) questionnaire, derived from the Expected Psychological Outcomes of Exercise Questionnaire (Lindheimer et al., 2020). Participants were asked "For each of the below outcomes, think about how you would expect to feel after completing a resistance exercise program (2 sessions per week for 8-12 weeks) relative to how you typically feel". | Week 4 |
| Resistance Exercise Expectations | 15-item Expected Psychological Outcomes of Resistance Exercise Training (EPO-RET) questionnaire, derived from the Expected Psychological Outcomes of Exercise Questionnaire (Lindheimer et al., 2020). Participants were asked "For each of the below outcomes, think about how you would expect to feel after completing a resistance exercise program (2 sessions per week for 8-12 weeks) relative to how you typically feel". | Week 8 |
| Resistance Exercise Expectations | 15-item Expected Psychological Outcomes of Resistance Exercise Training (EPO-RET) questionnaire, derived from the Expected Psychological Outcomes of Exercise Questionnaire (Lindheimer et al., 2020). Participants were asked "For each of the below outcomes, think about how you would expect to feel after completing a resistance exercise program (2 sessions per week for 8-12 weeks) relative to how you typically feel". | Week 12 |
| Resistance Exercise Expectations | 15-item Expected Psychological Outcomes of Acute Resistance Exercise (EPO-ARE) derived from the Expected Psychological Outcomes of Exercise Questionnaire (Lindheimer et al., 2020). Participants are asked to "think about how you would expect to feel after one resistance exercise workout relative to how you typically feel". | Pre-acute resistance exercise bout week 1 |
| Resistance Exercise Expectations | 15-item Expected Psychological Outcomes of Acute Resistance Exercise (EPO-ARE) derived from the Expected Psychological Outcomes of Exercise Questionnaire (Lindheimer et al., 2020). Participants are asked to "think about how you would expect to feel after one resistance exercise workout relative to how you typically feel". | Post-acute resistance exercise bout week 1 |
| Resistance Exercise Expectations | 15-item Expected Psychological Outcomes of Acute Resistance Exercise (EPO-ARE) derived from the Expected Psychological Outcomes of Exercise Questionnaire (Lindheimer et al., 2020). Participants are asked to "think about how you would expect to feel after one resistance exercise workout relative to how you typically feel". | Pre-acute resistance exercise bout week 8 |
| Resistance Exercise Expectations | 15-item Expected Psychological Outcomes of Acute Resistance Exercise (EPO-ARE) derived from the Expected Psychological Outcomes of Exercise Questionnaire (Lindheimer et al., 2020). Participants are asked to "think about how you would expect to feel after one resistance exercise workout relative to how you typically feel". | Post-acute resistance exercise bout week 8 |
| Physical Activity | 7-day Physical Activity Recall (Blair et al., 1985) | Baseline |
| Physical Activity | 7-day Physical Activity Recall (Blair et al., 1985) | Pre-week 1 |
| Physical Activity | 7-day Physical Activity Recall (Blair et al., 1985) | Week 1 |
| Physical Activity | 7-day Physical Activity Recall (Blair et al., 1985) | Week 2 |
| Physical Activity | 7-day Physical Activity Recall (Blair et al., 1985) | Week 3 |
| Physical Activity | 7-day Physical Activity Recall (Blair et al., 1985) | Week 4 |
| Physical Activity | 7-day Physical Activity Recall (Blair et al., 1985) | Week 5 |
| Physical Activity | 7-day Physical Activity Recall (Blair et al., 1985) | Week 6 |
| Physical Activity | 7-day Physical Activity Recall (Blair et al., 1985) | Week 7 |
| Physical Activity | 7-day Physical Activity Recall (Blair et al., 1985) | Week 8 |
| Physical Activity | 7-day Physical Activity Recall (Blair et al., 1985) | Week 12 |
| Muscle-Strengthening Exercise Activity | Muscle-Strengthening Exercise Questionnaire - Short Version (Shakespear-Druery et al., 2022) | Baseline |
| Muscle-Strengthening Exercise Activity | Muscle-Strengthening Exercise Questionnaire - Short Version (Shakespear-Druery et al., 2022) | Week 1 |
| Muscle-Strengthening Exercise Activity | Muscle-Strengthening Exercise Questionnaire - Short Version (Shakespear-Druery et al., 2022) | Week 4 |
| Muscle-Strengthening Exercise Activity | Muscle-Strengthening Exercise Questionnaire - Short Version (Shakespear-Druery et al., 2022) | Week 8 |
| Muscle-Strengthening Exercise Activity | Muscle-Strengthening Exercise Questionnaire - Short Version (Shakespear-Druery et al., 2022) | Week 12 |
| D005791 |
| Patient Care |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D026741 | Physical Therapy Modalities |
| D064797 | Physical Conditioning, Human |
| D015444 | Exercise |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |