cGMP: Metabolism and Appetite Modulation

Metabolic Effects of cGMP: From Amino Acid Absorption Kinetics to Appetite Modulation

Phenylketonuria is an inborn error of phenylalanine metabolism. Although the phenylalanine-restricted diet is recognized as the mainstay of therapy, little is known about the impact of protein substitutes on the metabolism of patients with phenylketonuria.

Therefore, the aim of this project is to study the impact of acute ingestion of casein glycomacropeptide supplemented with amino acids (cCGMP-AAs) alone or in combination with two different meals on amino acid absorption kinetics, glycaemic and insulinemic response, and on acute markers of appetite control.

The main findings of this project will bring new insights into the dietary management of these patients, which may lead to improvements in protein substitutes formulations.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Men or women
• Adults (age ≥ 18 years)
• Body Mass Index (BMI) between 18.5-25.0 kg/m2
• Filling informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Clinically significant illness
• Have changed frequency, duration, or intensity of physical activity in the last month
• Taking protein supplements
• Pregnant or breastfeeding
• Smoking and drug use