To evaluate the potential usefulness of 18F-AlF-FAPI positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for the diagnosis of primary and metastatic lesions in orbital neoplasms, and compared with 18F-FDG PET/CT.

Subjects with orbital neoplasms underwent contemporaneous 18F-AlF-FAPI and 18F-FDG PET/CT for initial assessment. Tumor uptake was quantified by the maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax). The numbers of metastatic lesions of 18F-FDG and 18F-AlF-FAPI PET/CT were recorded by visual interpretation. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 18F-AlF-FAPI, 18F-FDG PET/CT were calculated and compared to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. patients with suspected or newly diagnosed orbital neoplasms (supporting evidence may include MRI, CT and pathology report);
2. patients who had scheduled both 18F-FDG and 18F-AlF-FAPI PET/CT scans;
3. patients who were able to provide informed consent (signed by participant, parent or legal representative) and assent according to the guidelines of the Clinical Research Ethics Committee.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. patients with pregnancy;
2. breastfeeding;
3. the inability or unwillingness of the research participant, parent or legal representative to provide written informed consent.