Effects of Esketamine at Subanesthetic Dose on Emergence Delirium in Preschool Children Undergoing Ambulatory Laparoscopic Surgery

Effects of Esketamine at Subanesthetic Dose on Emergence Delirium in Preschool Children Undergoing Ambulatory Laparoscopic Surgery

Emergence delirium (ED) is a manifestation of acute postoperative brain dysfunction that occurs with a relatively high frequency after pediatric anesthesia. The incidence varies depending on the diagnostic criteria used and the combination of administered anesthetic drugs. The goal of this clinical trial is to investigate whether a subanesthetic dose of esketamine can reduce incidence of ED.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair under general anesthesia
2. aged 24~71 months
3. American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status I or II
4. body mass index for age between the 5th and 85th percentiles

Exclusion Criteria:

1. allergy to esketamine
2. abnormal liver or kidney function
3. glaucoma or neurological disorders
4. cardiovascular or endocrine dysfunction
5. asthma or respiratory infection in the last 2 weeks
6. developmental delay