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The study was planned to determine the effect of the cradle position applied during orogastric tube feeding in premature newborns on comfort, physiological parameters and vomiting frequency.
Hypotheses of the Study H1: The cradle position applied to premature newborns during orogastric tube feeding; H1a: It affects the comfort level compared to the control group. H1b: It affects physiological parameters compared to the control group. H1c: It affects the vomiting frequency compared to the control group.
It is reported that the cradle position is the most preferred position by mothers during the breastfeeding process. The cradle position is a position where the mother holds the baby in her arms, the baby's head is placed on the inside of the mother's arm-elbow area, the baby's whole body is turned towards the mother, the baby's head is in line with the mother's breast, and the mother and the baby are in intense interaction. Although it is the most preferred position for breastfeeding, no study has been found in the literature evaluating the effect of the cradle position given during OGT feeding on the comfort level, physiological parameters and vomiting frequency of premature babies. For this reason, it is thought that it can be a supportive position that can be used by both neonatal nurses and mothers who are with their babies during the OGT feeding process for newborns preparing for the breastfeeding process in NICUs. It is thought that the study results will guide health workers and researchers regarding the supportive positions that should be given during newborn feeding.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cradle position | Experimental | The newborns in this group were swaddled and fed by being held in a cradle position on the nurse's lap during orogastric tube feeding. |
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| Control Group | No Intervention | The newborns in this group were fed with an orogastric tube, in the supine position on a flat bed, with the head elevated, as is routine practice. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Experimental (cradle position) | Behavioral | The newborn in cot bed was swaddled freely with the help of a thin blanket during feeding. Then, the nurse, wearing a box apron, took the baby in her arms and gave it a cradle position. The baby's physiological parameters and Comfort Scale were filled in before feeding began. The baby was kept in a cradle position on the researcher's lap during feeding. Immediately after feeding, without changing the baby's position, the physiological parameters and Comfort Scale were evaluated a second time, and again 15 minutes after feeding, without changing the position, the physiological parameters and Comfort Scale were evaluated a third time and recorded. Then, the baby was gently and slowly laid down on the denim bed as usual (right lateral). |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Newborn Information Form | This form was created by the researcher in accordance with the literature. The baby's gender, gestational week, birth weight, 1st and 5th APGAR Scores, postnatal day of study, corrected week, weight, amount of food and type of food were questioned. | First measurement:After admission in NICU 30th minutes |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Heart rate-min) | The heart rate was measured after the baby was picked up and placed in the cradle position, just before orogastric tube feeding. | First feeding first measurement: 1 min before feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Respiration rate- min) | Respiration rate was measured after the baby was picked up and placed in the cradle position, just before orogastric tube feeding. | First feeding first measurement: 1 min before feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (oxygen saturation -SpO2%) | Oxygen saturation was measured after the baby was picked up and placed in the cradle position, just before orogastric tube feeding. | First feeding first measurement: 1 min before feeding |
| Vomiting frequency tracking form | The frequency of the baby's vomiting was recorded. | First feeding first measurement: 1 min before feeding |
| Stool amount tracking form | The baby's stool volume was recorded. | First feeding first measurement: 1 min before feeding |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Heart rate-min) | The heart rate was measured a second time immediately after feeding while the baby was in the cradle position in the nurse's arms. | First feeding second measurement: 1 min after feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Respiration rate- min) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
• Continuous infusion, slow bolus feeding or parenteral nutrition method used for feeding,
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| sibel küçükoğlu, Prof | Selcuk University | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sibel Küçükoğlu | Selçuklu | Akademi Mahallesi | Turkey (Türkiye) | |||
| Sibel Kucukoglu |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D047928 | Premature Birth |
| D014839 | Vomiting |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007752 | Obstetric Labor, Premature |
| D007744 | Obstetric Labor Complications |
| D011248 | Pregnancy Complications |
| D005261 | Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications |
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According to the sample size calculation made with G power 3.1.9.7, it was determined that 42 newborns (Experiment = 21, Control = 21) would meet the required sample size (0.96 effect size, 0.85 power, 0.05 margin of error). It was planned to include 24 newborns in each group, considering that there may be data losses. Since it was stated in the studies that it could affect gastric residue, randomization was performed by stratifying the feeding method. In order to ensure equal distribution in terms of nutrition in each group, two layers were created as breast milk and formula milk. The block/permutation method, which is one of the randomized assignment methods, was also used in the study. With this method, blocks containing equal numbers of A and B, symbolizing the experimental and control groups, were created using permutation and these blocks were multiplied until the specified number of people were reached. www.random.org was used to select the A and B block combination.
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In the study, since the researcher was a clinical nurse who fed the babies and also carried out the data collection process, researcher blinding could not be done. However, babies were considered blind by nature. The analysis of the study was carried out by an independent statistician, the data were coded as A and B by coding the groups in the SPSS program, and statistical blinding was performed by not sharing the groups represented by the letters with the statistician to prevent bias. The stages of the study were carried out under the guidance of the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guide.
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| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Body temperature- 0C) |
Body temperature was measured after the baby was picked up and placed in the cradle position, just before orogastric tube feeding. |
| First feeding first measurement: 1 min before feeding |
| Abdominal Circumference Follow-up Form | Abdominal circumference was measured while the baby was in bed, before the first feeding, and just before the nurse picked her/his up. | First feeding first measurement: 1 min before feeding |
| Neonatal Comfort Behavior Scale | The first measurement was taken after the baby was picked up and just before starting to feed. | First feeding first measurement: 1 min before feeding |
Respiration rate was measured a second time immediately after feeding while the baby was in the cradle position in the nurse's arms. |
| First feeding second measurement: 1 min after feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (oxygen saturation -SpO2%) | Oxygen saturation was measured a second time immediately after feeding while the baby was in the cradle position in the nurse's arms. | First feeding second measurement: 1 min after feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Body temperature- 0C) | Body temperature was measured a second time immediately after feeding while the baby was in the cradle position in the nurse's arms. | First feeding second measurement: 1 min after feeding |
| Neonatal Comfort Behavior Scale | The second measurement was taken immediately after feeding with the baby in the cradle position. | First feeding second measurement: 1 min after feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Heart rate-min) | The heart rate was measured for the third time at 15 minutes after feeding, while the baby was in the nurse's arms in the cradle position. | First feeding third measurement: 15 min after feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Respiration rate- min) | Respiration rate was measured for the third time at 15 minutes after feeding, while the baby was in the nurse's arms in the cradle position. | First feeding third measurement: 15 min after feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (oxygen saturation -SpO2%) | Oxygen saturation was measured for the third time at 15 minutes after feeding, while the baby was in the nurse's arms in the cradle position. | First feeding third measurement: 15 min after feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Body temperature- 0C) | Body temperature was measured for the third time at 15 minutes after feeding, while the baby was in the nurse's arms in the cradle position. | First feeding third measurement: 15 min after feeding |
| Neonatal Comfort Behavior Scale | The third measurement was taken 15 minutes after feeding, with the baby in the cradle position on the nurse's lap. | First feeding third measurement: 15 min after feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Heart rate-min) | The heart rate was measured immediately before orogastric tube feeding after the baby was held in the cradle position. | Second feeding first measurement: 1 min before feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Respiration rate- min) | Respiration rate was measured immediately before orogastric tube feeding after the baby was held in the cradle position. | Second feeding first measurement: 1 min before feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (oxygen saturation -SpO2%) | Oxygen saturation was measured immediately before orogastric tube feeding after the baby was held in the cradle position. | Second feeding first measurement: 1 min before feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Body temperature- 0C) | Body temperature was measured immediately before orogastric tube feeding after the baby was held in the cradle position. | Second feeding first measurement: 1 min before feeding |
| Vomiting frequency tracking form | The frequency of the baby's vomiting was recorded. | Second feeding first measurement: 1 min before feeding |
| Stool amount tracking form | The baby's stool volume was recorded. | Second feeding first measurement: 1 min before feeding |
| Abdominal Circumference Follow-up Form | Abdominal circumference was measured while the baby was in bed, before the second feeding, and just before the nurse picked her/his up. | Second feeding first measurement: 1 min before feeding |
| Neonatal Comfort Behavior Scale | The measurement was taken after the baby was picked up and just before starting to feed. | Second feeding first measurement: 1 min before feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Heart rate-min) | The heart rate was measured a second time immediately after feeding in the second feeding while the baby was in the cradle position in the nurse's arms. | Second feeding second measurement: 1 min after feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Respiration rate- min) | Respiration rate was measured a second time immediately after feeding in the second feeding while the baby was in the cradle position in the nurse's arms. | Second feeding second measurement: 1 min after feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (oxygen saturation -SpO2%) | Oxygen saturation was measured a second time immediately after feeding in the second feeding while the baby was in the cradle position in the nurse's arms. | Second feeding second measurement: 1 min after feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Body temperature- 0C) | Body temperature was measured a second time immediately after feeding in the second feeding while the baby was in the cradle position in the nurse's arms. | Second feeding second measurement: 1 min after feeding |
| Neonatal Comfort Behavior Scale | The second measurement was taken immediately after feeding with the baby in the cradle position in the second feeding. | Second feeding second measurement: 1 min after feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Heart rate-min) | The heart rate was measured third time immediately after feeding in the second feeding while the baby was in the cradle position in the nurse's arms. | Second feeding third measurement: 15 min after feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Respiration rate- min) | was measured third time immediately after feeding in the second feeding while the baby was in the cradle position in the nurse's arms. | Second feeding third measurement: 15 min after feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (oxygen saturation -SpO2%) | Respiration rate was measured third time immediately after feeding in the second feeding while the baby was in the cradle position in the nurse's arms. | Second feeding third measurement: 15 min after feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Body temperature- 0C) | Body temperature was measured third time immediately after feeding in the second feeding while the baby was in the cradle position in the nurse's arms. | Second feeding third measurement: 15 min after feeding |
| Neonatal Comfort Behavior Scale | The third measurement was taken immediately after feeding with the baby in the cradle position in the second feeding. | Second feeding third measurement: 15 min after feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Heart rate-min) | Heart rate was measured first time immediately after third feeding while the baby was in the cradle position in the nurse's arms. | Third feeding first measurement: 1 min before feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Respiration rate- min) | Respiration rate was measured first time immediately after third feeding while the baby was in the cradle position in the nurse's arms. | Third feeding first measurement: 1 min before feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (oxygen saturation -SpO2%) | Oxygen saturation was measured first time immediately after third feeding while the baby was in the cradle position in the nurse's arms. | Third feeding first measurement: 1 min before feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Body temperature- 0C) | Body temperature was measured first time immediately after third feeding while the baby was in the cradle position in the nurse's arms. | Third feeding first measurement: 1 min before feeding |
| Vomiting frequency tracking form | The frequency of the baby's vomiting was recorded. | Third feeding first measurement: 1 min before feeding |
| Stool amount tracking form | The baby's stool volume was recorded. | Third feeding first measurement: 1 min before feeding |
| Abdominal Circumference Follow-up Form | Abdominal circumference was measured while the baby was in bed, before the third feeding, and just before being picked up by the nurse. | Third feeding first measurement: 1 min before feeding |
| Neonatal Comfort Behavior Scale | The first measurement was taken immediately after the third feeding with the baby in the cradle position in the second feeding. | Third feeding first measurement: 1 min before feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Heart rate-min) | Heart rate was measured second time immediately after third feeding while the baby was in the cradle position in the nurse's arms. | Third feeding second measurement: 1 min after feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Respiration rate- min) | Respiration rate was measured second time immediately after third feeding while the baby was in the cradle position in the nurse's arms. | Third feeding second measurement: 1 min after feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (oxygen saturation -SpO2%) | Oxygen saturation was measured second time immediately after third feeding while the baby was in the cradle position in the nurse's arms. | Third feeding second measurement: 1 min after feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Body temperature- 0C) | Body temperature was measured second time immediately after third feeding while the baby was in the cradle position in the nurse's arms. | Third feeding second measurement: 1 min after feeding |
| Neonatal Comfort Behavior Scale | The second measurement was taken immediately after the third feeding with the baby in the cradle position in the second feeding. | Third feeding second measurement: 1 min after feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Heart rate-min) | Heart rate was measured third time immediately after third feeding while the baby was in the cradle position in the nurse's arms. | Third feeding third measurement: 15 min after feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Respiration rate- min) | was measured third time immediately after third feeding while the baby was in the cradle position in the nurse's arms. | Third feeding third measurement: 15 min after feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Oxygen saturation -SpO2%) | Respiration rate was measured third time immediately after third feeding while the baby was in the cradle position in the nurse's arms. | Third feeding third measurement: 15 min after feeding |
| Physiological Parameter Follow-up Form (Body temperature- 0C) | Body temperature was measured third time immediately after third feeding while the baby was in the cradle position in the nurse's arms. | Third feeding third measurement: 15 min after feeding |
| Neonatal Comfort Behavior Scale | The third measurement was taken immediately after the third feeding with the baby in the cradle position in the second feeding. | Third feeding third measurement: 15 min after feeding |
| Konya |
| 42100 |
| Turkey (Türkiye) |
| D000091642 | Urogenital Diseases |
| D012817 | Signs and Symptoms, Digestive |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |