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Background and Objectives: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a leading cause of hospitalization in children. The hospitalization duration depends on factors as child's well-being, vital signs, need for parenteral treatments, and development of complications. Medical clowns (MCs) are known to assist in reducing pain and alleviating anxiety and have been integrated into many aspects of hospital treatment routines. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of MC intervention on length of hospitalization in children admitted with CAP.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Investigation Group | Experimental | Investigation group will be receiving standard care plus 15-minute MC visits twice daily during the first 48 hours of hospitalization |
|
| Control Group | No Intervention | Control Group will be receiving standard care without MC visits. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medical clown visits | Other | The intervention is 15-minute visits from MCs twice daily during the first two days of admission. The clowns use various techniques to relax the patients (e.g. music, singing, playing, humor, guided imagination) and helpe encourage children to begin drinking and eating on their own. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The length of hospitalization in hours | The length of hospitalization in hours is determined by the duration between admission and discharge from the pediatric department. | Immediately after the intervention |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Duration of IV treatment | Duration of IV treatment in hours. | Immediately after the intervention |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Changes in well-being scores as reported by both the parent and the treating physician. | Changes in well-being scores as reported by both the parent and the treating physician, and alterations in vital signs and laboratory results. | Immediately after the intervention |
| Alterations in Heart rate |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carmel Medical Center | Haifa | Israel |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 40461561 | Derived | Khoury L, Shwartz Naddam I, Paz Tzruia M, Shehadeh S, Konopnicki M, Hamad Saied M, Meiri N, Livnat G, Yaacoby-Bianu K. Medical clown intervention shortens length of hospitalization in children with pneumonia. Sci Rep. 2025 Jun 4;15(1):19498. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-04706-w. |
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| Type | Includes Protocol | Includes SAP | Includes ICF | Document Label | Document Date | Document Uploaded Date | Document File Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prot_SAP | Yes | Yes | No | Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan | Oct 1, 2018 | Dec 6, 2024 | Prot_SAP_000.pdf |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000098968 | Community-Acquired Pneumonia |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D017714 | Community-Acquired Infections |
| D007239 | Infections |
| D011014 | Pneumonia |
| D012141 | Respiratory Tract Infections |
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Alterations in Heart rate |
| Immediately after the intervention |
| Alterations in body temperature | Alterations in body temperature | Immediately after the intervention |
| Alterations in Respiratory rate | Alterations in Respiratory rate | Immediately after the intervention |
| Alterations in oxygen saturation | Alterations in oxygen saturation | Immediately after the intervention |
| Alterations in white blood cell count | Alterations in white blood cell count | Immediately after the intervention |
| Alterations in absolute neutrophil count | Alterations in absolute neutrophil count | Immediately after the intervention |
| Alterations in C-reactive protein levels | Alterations in C-reactive protein levels | Immediately after the intervention |
| D012140 |
| Respiratory Tract Diseases |