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This study aimed to assess the effects of age on wound healing on free gingival graft (FGG) surgery in the treatment of attached keratinized gingival deficiency by determining clinical and biochemical outcomes.
Aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of age on clinical and biochemical healing outcomes on FGG surgery in the treatment of attached keratinized gingival deficiency (≤2 mm) at mandibular anterior region. A total of 30 systemically healthy patients, divided into two groups and planned for FGG operations, were included in this study. These groups are; Group l : 15 patients in the age range of 20-35, group 2: 15 patients in the age range of 50-65. Gingival crevicular fluid and wound fluid samples were taken from these patients to analyze VEGF, EGF and TGF-B1 levels by ELISA. Wound fluid samples were taken baseline, 4,7, and 14 days after surgery.
Clinical parameters included measurement of probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding of probing (BOP), plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) at 6 sites per tooth except the third molars were measured at baseline and l, 3 and 6 months after surgery. Keratinized gingiva width, keratinized gingiva thickness of the operation sites were measured baseline and 1,3 and 6 months after surgery. Vertical dimension of the graft, horizontal dimension of the graft, graft thickness were measured at baseline and 1,3,6 months after surgery. Graft area measurements were calculated on standard photographs by a Java-based analysis program (ImageJ, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD) to determine the shrinkage rate of the grafts. The graft shrinkage ratio was calculated as the difference between baseline to 1-month, baseline to 3-months, baseline to 6-month graft site value. Data were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Young group: Aged 20-35 years | Active Comparator | They received free gingival operation. Graft was harvested from palatal region and placed to the recipient site. Wound fluid samples were collected from 4 regions of the wound at baseline, 4-,7-,14-days. Clinical measurements were done at baseline, 1-,3-,6-months postoperatively. |
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| Adult group: Aged 50-65 years | Active Comparator | They received free gingival operation. Graft was harvested from palatal region and placed to the recipient site. Wound fluid samples were collected from 4 regions of the wound at baseline, 4-,7-,14-days. Clinical measurements were done at baseline, 1-,3-,6-months postoperatively. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Free gingival graft operation | Procedure | Free gingival graft was harvested from palatal region and stabilized on the maxillary anterior recipient bed with sutures . |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Shrinkage percentage (%) | Shrinkage percentage of the graft area due to the changes in graft dimensions | from baseline to 1-,3-,6- months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| VEGF levels (pg/ml) | change in wound fluid VEGF levels from baseline to 1-,3-,6- months after surgery | from baseline to 1-,3-,6- months |
| EGF levels (pg/ml) | change in wound fluid EGF levels from baseline to 1-,3-,6- months after surgery |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marmara University Faculty of Dentistry | Istanbul | Maltepe | 34854 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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| baseline to 1-,3-,6- months |
| TGFβ-1 levels (pg/ml) | change in wound fluid TGFβ-1 levels from baseline to 1-,3-,6- months after surgery | from baseline to 1-,3-,6- months |