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Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is one of the most typical causes of anterior knee pain in adolescents and young adults under the age of 50.It is believed that imbalanced action between quadriceps components, is the most contributing cause of PFPS.Investigating exercises that increase VMO muscle activation and enhance the ratio between VMO and VL have been a standardized target in literature.
Participants will have the assessed limb ready by shaving the hair on thigh and using alcohol swabs to clean the area from any residues.
For the VMO, a surface EMG electrode will be placed 4 cm superior and 4 cm medial to the supromedial boarder of patella at approximately 55 degrees to the long axis of the femur. As for the VL, the electrode will be placed 10 cm superior and 6-8 cm lateral to the superior lateral boarder of the patella and orientated 15 degrees to the vertical. All electrodes are self-adhesive (Figure 8) and will be connected to EMG sensors that will be attached and secured by double-sided tape.Each participant will perform three consecutive squats with 5 seconds interval break between each repetition. The squat depth will be kept at 50 degrees knee flexion. Mean muscle activity from three squat repetitions of VMO and VL is recorded and VMO:VL ratio is calculated. Afterward, each participant will perform the TFL stretch and repeat the three squats again.
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stretch Exercise | Other | To stretch Tensor fascia lata muscle,each participant starts with side lying position with the tested limb upmost. The lower limb (non-tested) is kept in hip and knee flexion to ensure stability. The tested limb is then taken into hip extension and adduction with knee extended. The exercise is held for 60 seconds and repeated 5 times with 10 seconds break intervals. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| VMO muscle activity | VMO muscle activity during squat is assessed by EMG device | During the procedure |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| VMO to VL ratio | Ratio between VMO and VL activity during squat | Immediately after the procedure |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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patients referred from orthopedic surgeon with diagnosis of PFPS
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tasneem Abdelghany, Bachelor | Contact | 01015507353 | tasnim.khaled@acu.edu.eg |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Enas Fawzy, Professor | Cairo University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tasneem Khaled | Recruiting | Cairo | Egypt |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D046788 | Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007592 | Joint Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D059385 | Plyometric Exercise |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005081 | Exercise Therapy |
| D012046 | Rehabilitation |
| D000359 | Aftercare |
| D003266 | Continuity of Patient Care |
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| D005791 |
| Patient Care |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D026741 | Physical Therapy Modalities |
| D064797 | Physical Conditioning, Human |
| D015444 | Exercise |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |