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Pulse field ablation (PFA) has shown safety and efficacy in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF), while the application in persistent atrial fibrillation (PerAF) is still under investigation. The investigators' previous randomized controlled trial showed favorable outcomes with electrogram (EGM) guided radiofrequency ablation in PerAF. However, EGM-guided PFA has not yet been reported.
Multiple studies have confirmed that pulse field ablation (PFA) demonstrates superior safety and efficacy in pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). However, the application of PFA in persistent atrial fibrillation (PerAF) remains in the exploratory stages. The efficacy and safety of PFA across various ablation strategies require a comprehensive evaluation. Notably, electrogram (EGM) guided PFA ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation has not yet been reported in the literature.
In the investigators' previous study on radiofrequency ablation for PerAF, the investigators observed that EGM guided ablation yielded a high success rate. Furthermore, the investigators' recent research has confirmed that intraoperative termination of atrial fibrillation using EGM guided ablation is associated with favorable long-term outcomes in patients with PerAF.
The investigators aim to explore the preliminary application of EGM guided pulse field ablation (PFA) in persistent atrial fibrillation.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Electrogram guided pulse field ablation | Experimental | In persistent atrial fibrillation patients, traget electrogram was mapped firstly , pulse field ablation of pulmonary veins, posterior wall of left atrium and target electrogram was ablated, until the atrial fibrillation converted to sinus rythm or stable atrial tachycardia. The mapping and ablation procedure was repeated until AF terminated or no target electrogram was found. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| electrogram guided pulse field ablation | Procedure | In persistent atrial fibrillation patients, traget electrogram was mapped firstly , pulse field ablation of pulmonary veins, posterior wall of left atrium and target electrogram was ablated, until the atrial fibrillation converted to sinus rythm or stable atrial tachycardia. The mapping and ablation procedure was repeated until AF terminated or no target electrogram was found. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| freedom from any AF/AT | The feasibility primary endpoint was defined as freedom from any AF/AT episodes lasting more than 30 seconds after the blanking period without anti-arrhythmic drugs at 3 months, 6 months and 12 months respectively after the procedure. | freedom from any AF/AT at 3 months, 6 months and 12 months respectively after the procedure; adverse events occurring within 30 days of the index or reassessment procedures. |
| composite of major safety events | The safety endpoint is a composite of major safety events including cardiac tamponade or perforation, peripheral or organ thromboembolism, stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), diaphragmatic paralysis, block, pericarditis, hemolysis, myocardial infarction, PV stenosis, atrioesophageal fistula, and death. The endpoint includes events occurring within 30 days of the index or reassessment procedures. | adverse events occurring within 30 days of the index or reassessment procedures. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| AF recurrence; | freedom from any documented AF episode lasting more than 30 seconds after the blanking period without anti-arrhythmic drug treatment at 3 months, 6 months and 12 months respectively | freedom from any AF at 3 months, 6 months and 12 months respectively after the procedure; |
| AT recurrence |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Patients with documented drug-resistant symptomatic persistent AF meeting all three of the following criteria:
Patients who are ≥ 18 years
Patient participation requirements:
Exclusion Criteria:
AF that is:
Left atrial anteroposterior diameter ≥ 60 mm as documented by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) or computed tomography (CT)
Any of the following cardiac conditions:
Any of the following within 3 months of enrollment:
History of blood clotting or bleeding abnormalities.
Contraindication to, or unwillingness to use, systemic anticoagulation
Sensitivity to contrast media not controlled by premedication
Women of childbearing potential who are pregnant, lactating or not using birth control
Medical conditions that would prevent participation in the study, interfere with assessment or therapy, significantly raise the risk of study participation, or confound data or its interpretation, including but not limited to
Current or anticipated enrollment in any other clinical study
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shanghai Chest Hospital | Shanghai | Shanghai Municipality | 200000 | China |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 41819245 | Derived | Li K, Di Biase L, Qin M, Wu S, Zhang X, Liu X, Hou X. Electrogram-guided pulsed field ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation: A prospective cohort study. Heart Rhythm. 2026 Mar 10:S1547-5271(26)02113-2. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2026.03.1878. Online ahead of print. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001281 | Atrial Fibrillation |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001145 | Arrhythmias, Cardiac |
| D006331 | Heart Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
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In persistent atrial fibrillation patients, traget electrogram was mapped firstly , pulse field ablation of pulmonary veins, posterior wall of left atrium and target electrogram was ablated, until the atrial fibrillation converted to sinus rythm or stable atrial tachycardia. The mapping and ablation procedure was repeated until AF terminated or no target electrogram was found.
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Secondary outcomes included: any documented AT episode lasting more than 30 seconds after the blanking period without anti-arrhythmic drug treatment at 3 months, 6 months and 12 months respectively. |
| freedom from any AT at 3 months, 6 months and 12 months respectively after the procedure; |
| D013568 |
| Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |