This retrospective observational study compares the effectiveness of two CRET therapies in adults with physical dysfunction. It evaluates whether the UNIQ electrode Fisiowarm 7.0 improves lumbar ROM (Schober test) and reduces pain (VAS scores) more effectively than the classical methodology, with assessments at baseline (T0) and two weeks (T1).

The goal of this retrospective observational study is to compare the effectiveness of two CRET therapy methodologies in adults (mean age ±SD: 51.23±16.89 for treated, 51.20±14.34 for control; M/F ratio: 42%M, 58%F for treated, 40%M, 60%F for control) experiencing physical dysfunction.

The main questions it aims to answer are:

• Does treatment with the UNIQ electrode Fisiowarm 7.0 improve range of motion (ROM) as measured by the Schober test more effectively than the classical methodology?
• Does treatment with the UNIQ electrode Fisiowarm 7.0 reduce pain levels, as reported through VAS scores, more effectively than the classical methodology?

Participants underwent therapy with either Fisiowarm 7.0 or Activ CT8 INDIBA® as per their group assignment.

Have their ROM measured using the Schober test at baseline (T0) and after two weeks (T1).

Report VAS scores before therapy (T0) and after two weeks (T1) to assess pain levels.

Inclusion criteria

• age 18 years old or older
• reported a visual analogic scale (VAS) for pain equal or greater than 6 cm
• a ROM measured by Schober test
• naïve to CRET therapy
• non-concomitant physiotherapy treatment (e.g. diathermy, laser therapy etc..).

Data derived from subject affected by low back pain.