This clinical trial develops a chatbot smartphone application (app), QuitBot, and text messaging to help American Indians (AI) and Alaska Natives (AN) to quit smoking commercial tobacco (smoking cessation), and evaluates two remote smoking cessation programs to see how well they work for helping AI/AN people quit smoking commercial tobacco. AI/AN populations have one of the highest rates of commercial cigarette smoking of any racial and ethnic group in the United States (US). They also have a higher rate of developing smoking-related cancer but are less likely to quit smoking. The two programs are designed to provide personalized support in setting a smoking cessation goal, tasks to reach the smoking cessation goal, and motivation to remain smoke-free. This may help to keep participants engaged and support them in their quit efforts, and may improve smoking cessation among AI and AN.

OUTLINE: Participants are randomized to 1 of 2 arms. Both groups receive access to a 42-day quit smoking program.

ARM I: Participants receive daily QuitBot program chatbot messages about the importance of quitting smoking, setting a quit date, preparing to quit, quitting, and maintaining abstinence over 42 days.

ARM II: Participants receive daily QuitBot text messages about the importance of quitting smoking, setting a quit date, preparing to quit, quitting, and maintaining abstinence over 42 days.

After completion of study intervention, participants are followed up at 3, 6, and 12 months and may be contacted thereafter for up to 24 months.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Self-identifying as American Indian or Alaska Native, either alone or in combination with other races
• Age 18 and older
• Smoking combustible cigarettes daily in the past year
• Interest in quitting smoking
• Interest in learning skills to quit smoking
• Willing to be randomly assigned
• Have daily access to their own Android or iPhone smartphone
• Ability to download a smartphone app
• Ability to read English
• Not currently (i.e., within past 30 days) using other smoking cessation interventions
• No prior participation in our studies
• No prior use of SFT
• No household or family member participating
• US residency for the next twelve months
• Willingness to complete follow-up assessments at the 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups
• Providing email, phone number(s), and mailing address

Exclusion Criteria:

• The reverse of the inclusion criteria
• Pregnant or breastfeeding
• Use of other tobacco products (e.g., ceremonial use of tobacco, e-cigarettes) will be assessed but is not an exclusion criterion, as it would limit the study's generalizability

The trial results data will be published on ClinicalTrials.gov. The de-identified scientific data will be made available as public use data to the research community in openICPSR. No PII or PHI data will be shared or available for secondary use.

The de-identified scientific data will be made available to other users no later than the time of publication of the primary outcomes, or at the end of the performance period, whichever comes first. The de-identified data deposited in openICPSR will be available to the research community in perpetuity.

Members of the research community using this data must register with ICPSR and agree to the Terms of Use, which include limiting data use to scientific research and aggregate statistical reporting, prohibiting attempts to identify study participants, requiring immediate reporting of any disclosure of participant identity, and requiring users agree not to share or redistribute any data downloads.

Random assignments will be concealed from participants and researchers throughout the trial. Follow-up data will be collected by survey research unit that will be blind to random assignment.