Neuropsychological Profiles and Musical Engagement in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's Disease

Observational Pilot Study of Neuropsychological Profiles and Musical Engagement in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's Disease. What Are the Effects of Mnestic or Hedonic Impairment on Emotion, Reminiscence and Musical Enjoyment

The goal of this Multicenter observational pilot study is to Compare the specifics of musical engagement (behaviors related to music in everyday life) in subjects aged over 60 with Alzheimer s disease, Parkinson s disease and control subjects.

The main questions it aims to answer are:

1. The description of different profiles of musical engagement in early-stage AD, in PD and in healthy elderly subjects.
2. The extent of executive, mnestic and hedonic dysfunctions will impact differently on emotional engagement, autobiographical evocation and sensitivity to musical reward, and will therefore enable distinct profiles to be drawn up.

Participants will have an intervention consisting of an interview with a neuropsychologist lasting approximately 2 hours, including :

• A semi-structured interview to check the participants eligibility and gather demographic data.
• Neuropsychological tests and questionnaires will then be administered.
• A relative of the study participant will help complete questionnaires.

Music therapy appears to be highly relevant as a Non-Medication Intervention in Alzheimer s (AD) and Parkinson s disease (PD). It is said to reduce depressive symptoms following music therapy sessions in dementia . With regard to Parkinson s disease, music therapy brings benefits in terms of motor skills, communication, breathing and emotional aspects. Reviews point to the need to differentiate beneficial effects according to different pathologies.

To date, no study has investigated the evolution of sensitivity to musical reward in AD. Furthermore, no study has discriminated the evolution of musical engagement in several neurodegenerative pathologies.

Inclusion Criteria:

General inclusion criteria:

• 60 years and older
• French-speaking and volunteering for the study
• Living at home with a relative

Alzheimer's disease inclusion criteria:

• Biological diagnosis of probable Alzheimer's disease according to NINCDS-ADRDA criteria (McKhann et al., 1984)
• MMSE greater than or equal to 20

Inclusion criteria Parkinson's disease :

• Diagnosis of Idiopathic Parkinson's disease
• MMSE greater than or equal to 20

Exclusion Criteria:

• No known neurological pathologies (epilepsy and other non-degenerative CNS diseases) or psychiatric disorders (chronic psychosis and psychotic episodes)
• Autistic disorders
• History of stroke or head trauma
• Unstable medical condition (cancer)
• Subject unable to read and/or write
• Hearing impairment without hearing aids
• Refusal of consent after information
• Persons unable to give consent, research carried out in emergency situations, etc.)
• Non-affiliation with a social security scheme
• Person deprived of liberty (by judicial or administrative decision, or forced hospitalization)
• Person under legal protection (guardianship, curatorship, legal protection)
• Person participating in another research project with an exclusion period still in progress