Effect of Smoking Cessation on Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetics

Effect of Smoking Cessation on Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

The goal of this observational study is to learn about the long-term effects of smoking cessation on glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients The main question it aims to answer is:

Does smoking cessation lower HbA1c in type 2 diabetics on long term ? The participants will be counseled to cessate smoking and will be followed for 6 months and compared to control who will not cessate smoking .

Smoking and diabetes are both major public health issues specially in our community. They act synergistically on morbidity and mortality. Diabetic smokers have much higher rates of micro and macrovascular complications. [Carole Clair et al., 2020] Approximately 1.3 billion people worldwide use tobacco, most commonly in the form of tobacco smoking, and more than 7 million people die every year as a result of smoking related conditions [Magdalena Walicka et al.,2022] Exposure to cigarette smoke is associated with vascular damage, endothelial dysfunction, and activation of oxidative stress, inflammatory pathways, coagulation, and fibrinolysis A similar mechanism of endothelial dysfunction is described for people with diabetes. It is therefore not surprising that smoking enhances the combined harmful effects of elevated blood glucose levels, accelerating vascular damage in diabetic patients who smoke The prevalence of current smoking was 45.5% in male patients with type 2 diabetes. The levels of fasting blood glucose and HbA1c increased with number of cigarettes smoked per day compared with non-smokers Smoking and its cessation showed dose- and time-dependent relationship with glycemic control and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. These findings may highlight the importance of smoking cessation in the clinical management of diabetes mellitus.

the effect of smoking and its cessation on glycemic control in diabetic patients has not been fully examined yet.

There is lack of evidence regarding interventions for smoking cessation among individuals with diabetes

Inclusion Criteria:

- Moderate Somking index Having been diagnosed with a type 2 diabetes Being ≥ 35 years old HbA1c > 7

Exclusion Criteria:

Type 1 diabetes Drug induced Diabetes mellitus Type 2 diabetes on insulin treatment