A Phase II Clinical Trial of Artificial Intelligence-assisted One-stop Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer After Breast-conserving Surgery

A Single-center Prospective Phase II Clinical Study With a Non-blind, Single-arm Design Combined With a Parallel External Control Group to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Artificial Intelligence-assisted One-stop Radiotherapy After Breast-conserving Surgery

Background: Breast cancer became the most prevalent cancer globally in 2020, and post-surgery radiotherapy is crucial for most patients. Traditional radiotherapy is complex and time-consuming, affecting patient experience. To streamline this, an AI-assisted All-in-one (AIO) radiotherapy approach has been developed, integrating steps like target delineation and planning to reduce wait times and enhance accuracy. Preliminary results are promising, with significant time savings and high pass rates in initial assessments. Further exploration is needed to confirm the accuracy, effectiveness, and safety of AIO radiotherapy.

Primary objective: To conduct a prospective phase II clinical trial to determine the feasibility (including efficacy and safety) of AIO radiotherapy, and to provide a basis for establishing standard operating procedures.

Secondary objectives: To assess the impact of AIO radiotherapy on overall survival, local regional recurrence, and distant metastasis rates. To investigate the incidence and contributing factors of cardiac damage after AIO radiotherapy.

Inclusion Criteria:

• 1. Female patients aged 18-70 years. 2. ECOG performance status of 0-2. 3. Newly diagnosed invasive breast cancer, underwent breast-conserving surgery plus axillary lymph node dissection, with positive axillary lymph nodes (ypN+) and negative surgical margins.

  4. No distant metastasis. 5. Capable of tolerating radiotherapy. 6. For ER/PR-positive patients, willing to receive anticipated 5 years of endocrine therapy.

  7. For HER2-positive patients, willing to receive anticipated 1 year of anti-HER2 targeted therapy.

  8. For patients requiring neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy, must have completed chemotherapy.

  9. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) measured by echocardiography is 50%.

  10. Must undergo adjuvant IMRT (Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy). 11. Capable of tolerating lying still on the treatment accelerator bed for 30 minutes to complete All-In-One radiotherapy.

  12. Have follow-up conditions and are willing to adhere to follow-up. 13. Signed an informed consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

• 1. Synchronous bilateral breast cancer; sentinel lymph node biopsy of the axilla was performed without axillary lymph node dissection.

  2. Stage I breast reconstruction surgery or expander implantation surgery on the affected side chest wall.

  3. The purpose of radiotherapy is palliative. 4. Myocardial infarction within the last 3 months or uncorrected unstable arrhythmia or uncorrected unstable angina.

  5. History of chest wall or supraclavicular radiotherapy in the past; past or concurrent second primary malignant tumors (except for non-melanoma skin cancer, papillary/follicular thyroid carcinoma, and carcinoma in situ of the cervix).

  6. All-in-one one-stop radiotherapy has not been completed.