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Ketones are naturally produced by our body and can affect our blood sugar levels. Ketones could be important tool for treating disease or recovering from exercise. The purpose of this research is to determine if a ketone drink can increase sugar uptake in our muscles. This research will provide new knowledge about the regulation of blood sugar.
Impaired skeletal muscle glucose uptake following a meal ("insulin resistance"), is a primary risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes. We and others have consistently shown that ingesting exogenous ketones can reduce blood glucose concentration. Mechanistically, this must arise through reduced glucose release (i.e. from liver), and/or increased uptake (i.e. into skeletal muscle). Our current MRC-funded work is focussing on ketone-liver interactions in patients with type 2 diabetes. Here we aim to investigate how KE influence skeletal muscle glucose metabolism.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ketone supplementation | Experimental | 100 mL flavoured drink containing 0.3 g/kg ketone monoester ((R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate; ΔG®, University of Oxford; https://www.deltagketones.com) |
|
| Placebo | Placebo Comparator | Placebo with bitter agent to flavour match |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ketone supplement | Dietary Supplement | 100 mL flavoured drink containing 0.3 g/kg ketone monoester ((R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate; ΔG®, University of Oxford; https://www.deltagketones.com) consumed 30 min prior to a mixed meal tolerance test |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Forearm glucose net balance | Net balance of blood glucose across a forearm following a mixed meal tolerance test | 3 hours |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Forearm non-esterified fatty acid net balance | Net balance of blood non-esterified fatty acids across a forearm after a mixed meal tolerance test | 3 hours |
| Forearm amino acid net balance | Net balance of blood amino acids across a forearm following a mixed meal tolerance test |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| George F Pavis, PhD | University of Exeter | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nutritional Physiology Research Unit, University of Exeter | Exeter | Devon | EX1 2LU | United Kingdom |
Anonymised data will be made available on open access public repositories
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Coded, known only to one independent individual
| Placebo supplement | Dietary Supplement | Placebo with bitter agent to flavour match, consumed 30 min prior to a mixed meal tolerance test |
|
| 3 hours |
| Serum insulin concentrations | Insulin concentration using ELISA assay over 4 and 8 hours following a meal | 3 hours |
| Ketone concentration | Ketone concentration using colorimetric assay over 4 and 8 hours following a meal | 3 hours |