The goal of the project is to identify the most effective exercise modalities in terms of neuroprotective effects and FP improvement.

Hypothesis: Dancing will increase BDNF, GDNF and CLU levels to a greater extent than traditional forms of AF, resulting in significantly greater improvements in FP in subjects aged ≥ 60 years. The study will involve 60 women aged ≥ 60 years, randomly and equitably assigned to training groups (i.e., resistance training using body weight, dance) and a control group (i.e., a group of physically inactive women).

Methodology:

Participants: 60 women aged ≥ 60 randomly and equally assigned to training groups (Dance and Resistance training) and a control group (i.e., physically inactive women)

Scientists will compare the impact of different forms of physical activity on cognitive functions

The training interventions will last 6 months. The intensity of physical activity will be determined as a percentage of maximum heart rate (HRmax), assessed based on a fitness test (Chester Step Test), using data from mobile devices monitoring physical activity. Cognitive function (CF) levels, and the concentrations of GDNF, BDNF, and CLU, as well as the Chester Step Test, will be evaluated twice: once at baseline and once after the training programs. Blood samples for measuring neurotrophin and CLU levels will be collected in the morning, after an overnight fast (approximately 12 hours since the last meal). The concentrations of neurotrophins and CLU will be measured using the ELISA method. CF will be assessed using standardized and validated neuropsychological tests.

Expected Outcomes: Greater improvement in CF in the dance group compared to the resistance training and control groups, with higher levels of BDNF, GDNF, and CLU in the dance group.

Inclusion Criteria:

• women

Exclusion Criteria:

• previous diagnoses of cardiovascular diseases