| Primary | The Total Amount of Morphine Consumption | Total dose of IV morphine (mg) administered as rescue analgesia during the first 24 postoperative hours. Morphine 0.05 mg/kg IV boluses were given when NRS ≥4, up to a maximum of 0.3 mg/kg/24 h. Reported as median (IQR). | All randomized participants (N=93; 31 per group) received the allocated intervention and completed 24-hour follow-up; no losses to follow-up and no exclusions from analysis. Primary outcome data were available for all participants; analysis was performed on the full randomized set (intention-to-treat). | Posted | | Median | Inter-Quartile Range | mg of IV morphine | | Immediatly post operative for 24 hours | | | | ID | Title | Description |
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| OG000 | Anterior Quadratus Lumborum Block Technique (AQLB) | Single-shot ultrasound-guided anterior quadratus lumborum block performed after induction of GA. 30 mL local anesthetic mixture (29 mL 0.25% bupivacaine + 1 mL dexamethasone 4 mg) injected in the fascial plane between quadratus lumborum and psoas major muscles using an in-plane posterior-to-anterior approach. | | OG001 | Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block | Single-shot ultrasound-guided pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block performed after induction of GA. 30 mL local anesthetic mixture (29 mL 0.25% bupivacaine + 1 mL dexamethasone 4 mg) injected in the fascial plane between iliopsoas tendon and superior pubic ramus under ultrasound guidance. | | OG002 | Control Group | General anesthesia without regional block. Intraoperative fentanyl administered as required; post-operative IV morphine (0.05 mg/kg boluses, maximum 0.3 mg/kg/24 h) as rescue analgesia within a multimodal regimen including IV paracetamol. |
| | | Title | Denominators | Categories |
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| | | Title | Measurements |
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| - OG0006.0(3.5 to 8.0)
- OG0018.0(6.0 to 11.0)
- OG00212.0(10.5 to 12.0)
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| | Group IDs | Group Description | Statistical Method | Statistical Comment | P-Value | P-Value Comment | Parameter Type | Parameter Value | Dispersion Type | Dispersion Value | Confidence Interval Sides | Confidence Interval % | CI Lower Limit | CI Upper Limit | CI Lower Limit Comment | CI Upper Limit Comment | Estimate Comment | Tested Non-Inferiority | Non-Inferiority Type | Non-Inferiority Comment | Other Analysis Description |
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| Comparison of total 24-h postoperative morphine consumption across three groups using Kruskal-Wallis test; post-hoc pairwise Mann-Whitney tests with Bonferroni correction. | Kruskal-Wallis | | 0.035 | Overall comparison of 24-h postoperative morphine consumption across the three groups used the Kruskal-Wallis test (non-parametric). | | | | | | | | | | | | | Superiority | Non-parametric analysis due to non-normal distribution. AQLB < PENG < Control for median morphine use. Significant pairwise differences: PENG vs Control, AQLB vs Control, and PENG vs AQLB (P=0.035). |
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| Secondary | Numeric Pain Rating Scale at Rest Over First 24 Hours | Pain intensity at rest using 0-10 Numeric Pain Rating Scale (0 = no pain, 10 = worst imaginable pain) measured at specified time points; data reported as median (IQR). | | Posted | | Median | Inter-Quartile Range | units on a scale | | 30 minutes, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18, and 24 hours after surgery | | | | ID | Title | Description |
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| OG000 | Anterior Quadratus Lumborum Block Technique (AQLB) | Single-shot ultrasound-guided anterior quadratus lumborum block performed after induction of GA. 30 mL local anesthetic mixture (29 mL 0.25% bupivacaine + 1 mL dexamethasone 4 mg) injected in the fascial plane between quadratus lumborum and psoas major muscles using an in-plane posterior-to-anterior approach. | | OG001 | Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block | Single-shot ultrasound-guided pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block performed after induction of GA. 30 mL local anesthetic mixture (29 mL 0.25% bupivacaine + 1 mL dexamethasone 4 mg) injected in the fascial plane between iliopsoas tendon and superior pubic ramus under ultrasound guidance. | | OG002 | Control Group | General anesthesia without regional block. Intraoperative fentanyl administered as required; post-operative IV morphine (0.05 mg/kg boluses, maximum 0.3 mg/kg/24 h) as rescue analgesia within a multimodal regimen including IV paracetamol. |
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| Secondary | Numeric Pain Rating Scale During Passive 90° Hip Flexion Over First 24 Hours | Pain intensity during passive 90° hip flexion using 0-10 NRS at same time points; reported as median (IQR). | | Posted | | Median | Inter-Quartile Range | units on a scale | | at 30 minutes, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18 and 24 hours postoperatively | | | | ID | Title | Description |
|---|
| OG000 | Anterior Quadratus Lumborum Block Technique (AQLB) | Single-shot ultrasound-guided anterior quadratus lumborum block performed after induction of GA. 30 mL local anesthetic mixture (29 mL 0.25% bupivacaine + 1 mL dexamethasone 4 mg) injected in the fascial plane between quadratus lumborum and psoas major muscles using an in-plane posterior-to-anterior approach. | | OG001 | Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block | Single-shot ultrasound-guided pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block performed after induction of GA. 30 mL local anesthetic mixture (29 mL 0.25% bupivacaine + 1 mL dexamethasone 4 mg) injected in the fascial plane between iliopsoas tendon and superior pubic ramus under ultrasound guidance. | | OG002 | Control Group | General anesthesia without regional block. Intraoperative fentanyl administered as required; post-operative IV morphine (0.05 mg/kg boluses, maximum 0.3 mg/kg/24 h) as rescue analgesia within a multimodal regimen including IV paracetamol. |
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| Secondary | Time to First Rescue Morphine Analgesia | Time from arrival in PACU to first administration of IV morphine rescue dose (NRS ≥4). Reported as median (IQR). | | Posted | | Median | Inter-Quartile Range | Hours | | Immediatly post operative for 24 hours | | | | ID | Title | Description |
|---|
| OG000 | Anterior Quadratus Lumborum Block Technique (AQLB) | Single-shot ultrasound-guided anterior quadratus lumborum block performed after induction of GA. 30 mL local anesthetic mixture (29 mL 0.25% bupivacaine + 1 mL dexamethasone 4 mg) injected in the fascial plane between quadratus lumborum and psoas major muscles using an in-plane posterior-to-anterior approach. | | OG001 | Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block | Single-shot ultrasound-guided pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block performed after induction of GA. 30 mL local anesthetic mixture (29 mL 0.25% bupivacaine + 1 mL dexamethasone 4 mg) injected in the fascial plane between iliopsoas tendon and superior pubic ramus under ultrasound guidance. | | OG002 | Control Group | General anesthesia without regional block. Intraoperative fentanyl administered as required; post-operative IV morphine (0.05 mg/kg boluses, maximum 0.3 mg/kg/24 h) as rescue analgesia within a multimodal regimen including IV paracetamol. |
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| Secondary | Manual Muscle Test (MMT) Score for Quadriceps/Iliopsoas Over First 24 Hours | Manual muscle test (0-5 scale; 0 = no contraction, 5 = full ROM against gravity and maximal resistance) for quadriceps and iliopsoas muscles on the operated side, after extubation, at predefined time points. | | Posted | | Median | Inter-Quartile Range | units on a scale | | 30 minutes, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18 and 24 hours postoperatively | | | | ID | Title | Description |
|---|
| OG000 | Anterior Quadratus Lumborum Block Technique (AQLB) | Single-shot ultrasound-guided anterior quadratus lumborum block performed after induction of GA. 30 mL local anesthetic mixture (29 mL 0.25% bupivacaine + 1 mL dexamethasone 4 mg) injected in the fascial plane between quadratus lumborum and psoas major muscles using an in-plane posterior-to-anterior approach. | | OG001 | Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block | Single-shot ultrasound-guided pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block performed after induction of GA. 30 mL local anesthetic mixture (29 mL 0.25% bupivacaine + 1 mL dexamethasone 4 mg) injected in the fascial plane between iliopsoas tendon and superior pubic ramus under ultrasound guidance. | | OG002 | Control Group | General anesthesia without regional block. Intraoperative fentanyl administered as required; post-operative IV morphine (0.05 mg/kg boluses, maximum 0.3 mg/kg/24 h) as rescue analgesia within a multimodal regimen including IV paracetamol. |
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| Secondary | Active Hip Flexion Range of Motion (0°-90°) Over First 24 Hours | Active hip flexion range of motion (degrees) of the operated hip, from 0° to 90°, assessed at same time points as MMTe. Reported as median (IQR). | | Posted | | Median | Inter-Quartile Range | Degrees of hip flexion | | 30 minutes, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18 and 24 hours postoperatively | | | | ID | Title | Description |
|---|
| OG000 | Anterior Quadratus Lumborum Block Technique (AQLB) | Single-shot ultrasound-guided anterior quadratus lumborum block performed after induction of GA. 30 mL local anesthetic mixture (29 mL 0.25% bupivacaine + 1 mL dexamethasone 4 mg) injected in the fascial plane between quadratus lumborum and psoas major muscles using an in-plane posterior-to-anterior approach. | | OG001 | Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block | Single-shot ultrasound-guided pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block performed after induction of GA. 30 mL local anesthetic mixture (29 mL 0.25% bupivacaine + 1 mL dexamethasone 4 mg) injected in the fascial plane between iliopsoas tendon and superior pubic ramus under ultrasound guidance. | | OG002 | Control Group | General anesthesia without regional block. Intraoperative fentanyl administered as required; post-operative IV morphine (0.05 mg/kg boluses, maximum 0.3 mg/kg/24 h) as rescue analgesia within a multimodal regimen including IV paracetamol. |
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| Secondary | Total Intraoperative Fentanyl Dose | Total dose of IV fentanyl administered intraoperatively. Additional boluses of 1 μg/kg were given if MAP or HR increased by >20% above baseline. Reported as mean ± SD. | | Posted | | Mean | Standard Deviation | μg fentanyl | | During surgery | | | | ID | Title | Description |
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| OG000 | Anterior Quadratus Lumborum Block Technique (AQLB) | Single-shot ultrasound-guided anterior quadratus lumborum block performed after induction of GA. 30 mL local anesthetic mixture (29 mL 0.25% bupivacaine + 1 mL dexamethasone 4 mg) injected in the fascial plane between quadratus lumborum and psoas major muscles using an in-plane posterior-to-anterior approach. | | OG001 | Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block | Single-shot ultrasound-guided pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block performed after induction of GA. 30 mL local anesthetic mixture (29 mL 0.25% bupivacaine + 1 mL dexamethasone 4 mg) injected in the fascial plane between iliopsoas tendon and superior pubic ramus under ultrasound guidance. | | OG002 | Control Group | General anesthesia without regional block. Intraoperative fentanyl administered as required; post-operative IV morphine (0.05 mg/kg boluses, maximum 0.3 mg/kg/24 h) as rescue analgesia within a multimodal regimen including IV paracetamol. |
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| Secondary | Time to First Walk | Time from end of surgery to first ambulation (≥3 steps with walker). Reported as median (IQR) | | Posted | | Median | Inter-Quartile Range | Hours | | From end of surgery until first walk (within postoperative 24 h) | | | | ID | Title | Description |
|---|
| OG000 | Anterior Quadratus Lumborum Block Technique (AQLB) | Single-shot ultrasound-guided anterior quadratus lumborum block performed after induction of GA. 30 mL local anesthetic mixture (29 mL 0.25% bupivacaine + 1 mL dexamethasone 4 mg) injected in the fascial plane between quadratus lumborum and psoas major muscles using an in-plane posterior-to-anterior approach. | | OG001 | Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block | Single-shot ultrasound-guided pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block performed after induction of GA. 30 mL local anesthetic mixture (29 mL 0.25% bupivacaine + 1 mL dexamethasone 4 mg) injected in the fascial plane between iliopsoas tendon and superior pubic ramus under ultrasound guidance. | | OG002 | Control Group | General anesthesia without regional block. Intraoperative fentanyl administered as required; post-operative IV morphine (0.05 mg/kg boluses, maximum 0.3 mg/kg/24 h) as rescue analgesia within a multimodal regimen including IV paracetamol. |
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| Secondary | Length of Hospital Stay | Time from surgery to hospital discharge. Reported as mean ± SD. | | Posted | | Mean | Standard Deviation | Days | | From date of surgery until discharge | | | | ID | Title | Description |
|---|
| OG000 | Anterior Quadratus Lumborum Block Technique (AQLB) | Single-shot ultrasound-guided anterior quadratus lumborum block performed after induction of GA. 30 mL local anesthetic mixture (29 mL 0.25% bupivacaine + 1 mL dexamethasone 4 mg) injected in the fascial plane between quadratus lumborum and psoas major muscles using an in-plane posterior-to-anterior approach. | | OG001 | Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block | Single-shot ultrasound-guided pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block performed after induction of GA. 30 mL local anesthetic mixture (29 mL 0.25% bupivacaine + 1 mL dexamethasone 4 mg) injected in the fascial plane between iliopsoas tendon and superior pubic ramus under ultrasound guidance. | | OG002 | Control Group | General anesthesia without regional block. Intraoperative fentanyl administered as required; post-operative IV morphine (0.05 mg/kg boluses, maximum 0.3 mg/kg/24 h) as rescue analgesia within a multimodal regimen including IV paracetamol. |
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