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| ID | Type | Description | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1R01DK139327-01 | U.S. NIH Grant/Contract | View source | |
| IRB00030419 | Other Identifier | Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health IRB |
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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) | NIH |
| University of California, Davis | OTHER |
| Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH) | OTHER |
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The primary objective of this study is to test the relative effects of climate-impact menu label designs on the healthfulness of consumers' fast-food meal choices. Participants will complete a hypothetical online meal ordering task using a survey which emulates the online menu of a burger restaurant chain. Participants will be randomized for exposure to menus featuring one of five labeling conditions. Secondary objectives include examining total greenhouse gas emissions per meal order and, through a post-order survey, perception of labels between the conditions.
This online randomized trial will test the relative effects of climate impact menu label designs on the healthfulness of consumers' fast-food meal choices and perceptions of menu items. The survey research firm CloudResearch will recruit a sample of 6,250 adults aged 18 years and older who speak English and reside in the United States.
Participants will complete a between-subjects online experiment in which the participants will be randomized to view a fast-food online ordering menu with one of five labeling schemes applied: (1) a QR code on all items (control); (2) a high climate impact warning label on high impact items; (3) traffic light labels on all items by level of impact; (4) climate grade labels on all items by level of impact; and (5) numeric carbon footprint labels on all items. All fast-food menus will include main items, sides, desserts, and drinks. Labels will only appear alongside main menu items and will be assigned using thresholds for greenhouse gas emissions set a priori in kilograms of carbon dioxide (CO2) equivalent per kilogram of food. Participants will be instructed to select up to 4 menu items for a hypothetical meal order. After completing the meal ordering task, participants will be prompted to answer questions about the perception of the labeling condition which the participants were randomized to view, perception of the relative effectiveness of all labels in this experiment, and personal values, dietary patterns, and other demographic information.
The primary outcome will be the healthfulness of meal orders selected from the online menu, indicated by a modified Nutrient Profile Index meal score for all food items ordered. Secondary outcomes will be total greenhouse gas emissions per meal ordered, total calories ordered, whether a sugar-sweetened beverage was ordered, and perceived message effectiveness of the climate-impact labels.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control (QR) Labels | Placebo Comparator | A black label featuring a QR code and white text that reads "SCAN HERE" will be placed beneath all main menu items. Explanatory text describing the label's meaning will be displayed at the top of the menu. |
|
| Warning High Climate Impact Labels | Experimental | A red icon-plus-text label that reads "WARNING: HIGH CLIMATE IMPACT" in white text will be placed beneath main menu items with a high climate impact using a predetermined threshold of estimated greenhouse gas emissions set at >=9.2 kgCO2e. Labels will include a white globe icon directly preceding the label text. Explanatory text describing the label's meaning will be displayed at the top of the menu. |
|
| Traffic Light Labels | Experimental | Traffic Light labels will be placed beneath all main menu items. Using predetermined estimated greenhouse gas emission thresholds, each item will be assigned one of three icon-plus-text labels within this scheme: low-, medium-, or high-impact label, set in kgCO2e at <2.6, >=2.6 & <9.2, and >=9.2, respectively. Each will read, "HIGH CLIMATE IMPACT" within a red label, "MED. CLIMATE IMPACT" in a yellow label, and "LOW CLIMATE IMPACT" in a green label. Text for all labels written in white, and a white globe icon will precede the text. Explanatory text describing the meaning of the labels will be displayed at the top of the menu. |
|
| Climate Grade Labels | Experimental |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control (QR) Labels | Behavioral | Participants will view a fast-food restaurant menu including main, side, dessert, and drink items. Each menu item will be displayed with an image of the item, name, price, and total calories. For main items only, Control (QR) labels will be displayed beneath each item. Participants will be instructed to select up to 4 menu items for a hypothetical meal order. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Modified Nutrient Profile Index Score | The primary outcome measure will be the healthfulness of the fast-food meal selections, measured with a modified Nutrient Profile Index (NPI) score. NPI scores are based on the United Kingdom (UK) Ofcom Nutrient Profiling Model, which is used to score individual foods in the UK to determine which ones can be marketed to children. The NPI is a 0 to 100-point score for foods; scores >=64 are considered healthy. NPI awards points from nutrients to encourage (e.g., fiber, protein) and nutrients of concern (e.g., sodium, sugar) per 100 grams. The investigators will generate a modified NPI score to evaluate the healthfulness of full meals comprised of multiple food items. This measure will be determined by calculating the weighted mean NPI score of all food items selected per meal, with each item's NPI score weighted by its proportionate contribution of mass in grams to the total mass of the meal. | approximately 1 minute |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Total Greenhouse Gas Emissions as Assessed by Cumulative Total Kilograms of Carbon Equivalent (kgCO2e) Per Kilogram | Cumulative total kilograms of carbon equivalent (kgCO2e) per kilogram of food for all meal items. | approximately 1 minute |
| Perceived Message Effectiveness (PME) as Assessed by the University of North Carolina (UNC) PME Scale |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Julia Wolfson, PHD MPP | Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health | Baltimore | Maryland | 21205 | United States |
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | Control (QR) Labels | A black label featuring a QR code and white text that reads "SCAN HERE" will be placed beneath all main menu items. Explanatory text describing the label's meaning will be displayed at the top of the menu. |
| FG001 | Warning High Climate Impact Labels | A red icon-plus-text label that reads "WARNING: HIGH CLIMATE IMPACT" in white text will be placed beneath main menu items with a high climate impact using a predetermined threshold of estimated greenhouse gas emissions set at >=9.2 kgCO2e. Labels will include a white globe icon directly preceding the label text. Explanatory text describing the label's meaning will be displayed at the top of the menu. |
| FG002 | Traffic Light Labels | Traffic Light labels will be placed beneath all main menu items. Using predetermined estimated greenhouse gas emission thresholds, each item will be assigned one of three icon-plus-text labels within this scheme: low-, medium-, or high-impact label, set in kgCO2e at <2.6, >=2.6 & <9.2, and >=9.2, respectively. Each will read, "HIGH CLIMATE IMPACT" within a red label, "MED. CLIMATE IMPACT" in a yellow label, and "LOW CLIMATE IMPACT" in a green label. Text for all labels written in white, and a white globe icon will precede the text. Explanatory text describing the meaning of the labels will be displayed at the top of the menu. |
| FG003 | Climate Grade Labels | Climate Grade labels will be placed beneath all main menu items, using predetermined estimated greenhouse gas emission thresholds to assign one of five icon-plus-text labels which indicate a specific climate impact grade (A, B, C, D, and F). Thresholds are set in kgCO2e as follows: [A] <1.7, [B] >=1.7 & <2.6, [C] >=2.6 & <9.2, [D] >=9.2 & <28, [F] >=28. All labels are solid black with a white globe icon followed by white text which reads "CLIMATE GRADE". On the left side of each label, a grade is displayed, capitalized and in a white font within a solid-colored box. The color of the box corresponds with each letter grade: A = dark green, B = light green, C = yellow, D = orange, F = red. Beneath the letter grade, a gradient of all possible grades is displayed horizontally in smaller font, each grade atop a small solid box in the respective grade color. Explanatory text describing the meaning of the labels will be displayed at the top of the menu. |
| FG004 | Numeric Carbon Footprint Labels | Numeric Carbon Footprint labels will be placed beneath all main menu items and display the estimated greenhouse gas emissions in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalents (kgCO2e) for each item. All labels have a solid black background and an icon-plus-text design. A white globe icon is followed by text stating the value of the items estimated emissions and the unit "kgCO2e". Explanatory text describing the meaning of the labels will be displayed at the top of the menu. |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study |
|
Participants who completed the study
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | Control (QR) Labels | A black label featuring a QR code and white text that reads "SCAN HERE" will be placed beneath all main menu items. Explanatory text describing the label's meaning will be displayed at the top of the menu. |
| BG001 | Warning High Climate Impact Labels |
| Units | Counts |
|---|---|
| Participants |
|
| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | Mean |
| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Modified Nutrient Profile Index Score | The primary outcome measure will be the healthfulness of the fast-food meal selections, measured with a modified Nutrient Profile Index (NPI) score. NPI scores are based on the United Kingdom (UK) Ofcom Nutrient Profiling Model, which is used to score individual foods in the UK to determine which ones can be marketed to children. The NPI is a 0 to 100-point score for foods; scores >=64 are considered healthy. NPI awards points from nutrients to encourage (e.g., fiber, protein) and nutrients of concern (e.g., sodium, sugar) per 100 grams. The investigators will generate a modified NPI score to evaluate the healthfulness of full meals comprised of multiple food items. This measure will be determined by calculating the weighted mean NPI score of all food items selected per meal, with each item's NPI score weighted by its proportionate contribution of mass in grams to the total mass of the meal. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | score on a scale | approximately 1 minute |
|
From enrollment to completion of survey, approximately 3 minutes.
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| ID | Title | Description | Deaths (Affected) | Deaths (At Risk) | Serious Events (Affected) | Serious Events (At Risk) | Other Events (Affected) | Other Events (At Risk) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG000 | Control (QR) Labels | A black label featuring a QR code and white text that reads "SCAN HERE" will be placed beneath all main menu items. Explanatory text describing the label's meaning will be displayed at the top of the menu. |
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| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Julia Wolfson | Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health | 213-359-2915 | jwolfso7@jhu.edu |
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| Type | Includes Protocol | Includes SAP | Includes ICF | Document Label | Document Date | Document Uploaded Date | Document File Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prot | Yes | No | No | Study Protocol | Oct 18, 2024 | Nov 11, 2025 | Prot_000.pdf |
| SAP | No | Yes | No | Statistical Analysis Plan | Nov 5, 2024 | Nov 11, 2025 | SAP_001.pdf |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005518 | Food Preferences |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005247 | Feeding Behavior |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011356 | Product Labeling |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019064 | Product Packaging |
| D007221 | Industry |
| D013676 | Technology, Industry, and Agriculture |
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| University of Pennsylvania |
| OTHER |
Participants will be randomized to view a fast-food menu with one of five labeling schemes applied: (1) a QR code on all items (control); (2) a high climate impact warning label on high impact items; (3) traffic light labeling on all items by level of impact; (4) climate grade labels on all items by level of impact; and (5) numeric labels on all items. All fast-food menus will include main items, sides, desserts, and drinks. Labels will only appear alongside main menu items and will be assigned using thresholds for greenhouse gas emissions set a priori in kilograms of CO2 equivalent per kilogram of food. Participants will be instructed to select a hypothetical lunch meal order. The investigators will record participant meal selections and, using publicly available nutritional information for each item selected, calculate a score of overall meal healthfulness.
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Climate Grade labels will be placed beneath all main menu items, using predetermined estimated greenhouse gas emission thresholds to assign one of five icon-plus-text labels which indicate a specific climate impact grade (A, B, C, D, and F). Thresholds are set in kgCO2e as follows: [A] <1.7, [B] >=1.7 & <2.6, [C] >=2.6 & <9.2, [D] >=9.2 & <28, [F] >=28. All labels are solid black with a white globe icon followed by white text which reads "CLIMATE GRADE". On the left side of each label, a grade is displayed, capitalized and in a white font within a solid-colored box. The color of the box corresponds with each letter grade: A = dark green, B = light green, C = yellow, D = orange, F = red. Beneath the letter grade, a gradient of all possible grades is displayed horizontally in smaller font, each grade atop a small solid box in the respective grade color. Explanatory text describing the meaning of the labels will be displayed at the top of the menu.
|
| Numeric Carbon Footprint Labels | Experimental | Numeric Carbon Footprint labels will be placed beneath all main menu items and display the estimated greenhouse gas emissions in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalents (kgCO2e) for each item. All labels have a solid black background and an icon-plus-text design. A white globe icon is followed by text stating the value of the items estimated emissions and the unit "kgCO2e". Explanatory text describing the meaning of the labels will be displayed at the top of the menu. |
|
|
| Warning High Climate Impact Labels | Behavioral | Participants will view a fast-food restaurant menu including main, side, dessert, and drink items. Each menu item will be displayed with an image of the item, name, price, and total calories. For main items only, Warning High Climate Impact labels will be displayed beneath select items. Participants will be instructed to select up to 4 menu items for a hypothetical meal order. |
|
| Traffic Light Labels | Behavioral | Participants will view a fast-food restaurant menu including main, side, dessert, and drink items. Each menu item will be displayed with an image of the item, name, price, and total calories. For main items only, Traffic Light labels will be displayed beneath each item. Participants will be instructed to select up to 4 menu items for a hypothetical meal order. |
|
| Climate Grade Labels | Behavioral | Participants will view a fast-food restaurant menu including main, side, dessert, and drink items. Each menu item will be displayed with an image of the item, name, price, and total calories. For main items only, Climate Grade labels will be displayed beneath each item. Participants will be instructed to select up to 4 menu items for a hypothetical meal order. |
|
| Numeric Carbon Footprint Labels | Behavioral | Participants will view a fast-food restaurant menu including main, side, dessert, and drink items. Each menu item will be displayed with an image of the item, name, price, and total calories. For main items only, Numeric Carbon Footprint labels will be displayed beneath each item. Participants will be instructed to select up to 4 menu items for a hypothetical meal order. |
|
The 3-item University of North Carolina (UNC)-PME scale measures how much the label placed beneath high climate impact menu items, discouraged consumption or evoked concern or unpleasantness about consumption of high climate impact foods. Responses to all questions will be measured on a 5-point unipolar Likert scale from 1=Not at all to 5= A great deal. Preceding the questions, participants will view the assigned label demonstrating high climate impact and the following prompt: "Considering this label, how much do you agree or disagree with the following statements." The exact text for each question is: "This label discourages me from wanting to eat foods with a high climate impact." " This label makes eating foods with a high climate impact seem unpleasant." " This label makes me concerned about eating foods with a high climate impact." The mean likert scale choice is reported. The scale choice range is between 1 and 5, with higher scores interpreted as better. |
| approximately 1 minute |
| Total Energy (Calories) Selected | The total number of calories in participants' hypothetical meal orders, calculated as the sum of calories across all menu items selected. Higher values indicate more calories selected. | approximately 1 minute |
| Number of Participants Who Selected Sugar-sweetened Beverage | Measured as a dichotomous variable (yes/no) indicating whether participants' hypothetical meal orders include a sugar-sweetened beverage. | approximately 1 minute |
A red icon-plus-text label that reads "WARNING: HIGH CLIMATE IMPACT" in white text will be placed beneath main menu items with a high climate impact using a predetermined threshold of estimated greenhouse gas emissions set at >=9.2 kgCO2e. Labels will include a white globe icon directly preceding the label text. Explanatory text describing the label's meaning will be displayed at the top of the menu. |
| BG002 | Traffic Light Labels | Traffic Light labels will be placed beneath all main menu items. Using predetermined estimated greenhouse gas emission thresholds, each item will be assigned one of three icon-plus-text labels within this scheme: low-, medium-, or high-impact label, set in kgCO2e at <2.6, >=2.6 & <9.2, and >=9.2, respectively. Each will read, "HIGH CLIMATE IMPACT" within a red label, "MED. CLIMATE IMPACT" in a yellow label, and "LOW CLIMATE IMPACT" in a green label. Text for all labels written in white, and a white globe icon will precede the text. Explanatory text describing the meaning of the labels will be displayed at the top of the menu. |
| BG003 | Climate Grade Labels | Climate Grade labels will be placed beneath all main menu items, using predetermined estimated greenhouse gas emission thresholds to assign one of five icon-plus-text labels which indicate a specific climate impact grade (A, B, C, D, and F). Thresholds are set in kgCO2e as follows: [A] <1.7, [B] >=1.7 & <2.6, [C] >=2.6 & <9.2, [D] >=9.2 & <28, [F] >=28. All labels are solid black with a white globe icon followed by white text which reads "CLIMATE GRADE". On the left side of each label, a grade is displayed, capitalized and in a white font within a solid-colored box. The color of the box corresponds with each letter grade: A = dark green, B = light green, C = yellow, D = orange, F = red. Beneath the letter grade, a gradient of all possible grades is displayed horizontally in smaller font, each grade atop a small solid box in the respective grade color. Explanatory text describing the meaning of the labels will be displayed at the top of the menu. |
| BG004 | Numeric Carbon Footprint Labels | Numeric Carbon Footprint labels will be placed beneath all main menu items and display the estimated greenhouse gas emissions in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalents (kgCO2e) for each item. All labels have a solid black background and an icon-plus-text design. A white globe icon is followed by text stating the value of the items estimated emissions and the unit "kgCO2e". Explanatory text describing the meaning of the labels will be displayed at the top of the menu. |
| BG005 | Total | Total of all reporting groups |
| Years |
|
| Sex: Female, Male | Count of Participants | Participants | No |
|
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) | Count of Participants | Participants |
|
| Race (NIH/OMB) | Count of Participants | Participants |
|
| Political Affiliation | Count of Participants | Participants |
|
| Climate Concern | Count of Participants | Participants |
|
| Special Diet | Count of Participants | Participants |
|
A black label featuring a QR code and white text that reads "SCAN HERE" will be placed beneath all main menu items. Explanatory text describing the label's meaning will be displayed at the top of the menu. |
| OG001 | Warning High Climate Impact Labels | A red icon-plus-text label that reads "WARNING: HIGH CLIMATE IMPACT" in white text will be placed beneath main menu items with a high climate impact using a predetermined threshold of estimated greenhouse gas emissions set at >=9.2 kgCO2e. Labels will include a white globe icon directly preceding the label text. Explanatory text describing the label's meaning will be displayed at the top of the menu. |
| OG002 | Traffic Light Labels | Traffic Light labels will be placed beneath all main menu items. Using predetermined estimated greenhouse gas emission thresholds, each item will be assigned one of three icon-plus-text labels within this scheme: low-, medium-, or high-impact label, set in kgCO2e at <2.6, >=2.6 & <9.2, and >=9.2, respectively. Each will read, "HIGH CLIMATE IMPACT" within a red label, "MED. CLIMATE IMPACT" in a yellow label, and "LOW CLIMATE IMPACT" in a green label. Text for all labels written in white, and a white globe icon will precede the text. Explanatory text describing the meaning of the labels will be displayed at the top of the menu. |
| OG003 | Climate Grade Labels | Climate Grade labels will be placed beneath all main menu items, using predetermined estimated greenhouse gas emission thresholds to assign one of five icon-plus-text labels which indicate a specific climate impact grade (A, B, C, D, and F). Thresholds are set in kgCO2e as follows: [A] <1.7, [B] >=1.7 & <2.6, [C] >=2.6 & <9.2, [D] >=9.2 & <28, [F] >=28. All labels are solid black with a white globe icon followed by white text which reads "CLIMATE GRADE". On the left side of each label, a grade is displayed, capitalized and in a white font within a solid-colored box. The color of the box corresponds with each letter grade: A = dark green, B = light green, C = yellow, D = orange, F = red. Beneath the letter grade, a gradient of all possible grades is displayed horizontally in smaller font, each grade atop a small solid box in the respective grade color. Explanatory text describing the meaning of the labels will be displayed at the top of the menu. |
| OG004 | Numeric Carbon Footprint Labels | Numeric Carbon Footprint labels will be placed beneath all main menu items and display the estimated greenhouse gas emissions in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalents (kgCO2e) for each item. All labels have a solid black background and an icon-plus-text design. A white globe icon is followed by text stating the value of the items estimated emissions and the unit "kgCO2e". Explanatory text describing the meaning of the labels will be displayed at the top of the menu. |
|
|
| Secondary | Total Greenhouse Gas Emissions as Assessed by Cumulative Total Kilograms of Carbon Equivalent (kgCO2e) Per Kilogram | Cumulative total kilograms of carbon equivalent (kgCO2e) per kilogram of food for all meal items. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | kgCO2e/kilogram | approximately 1 minute |
|
|
|
| Secondary | Perceived Message Effectiveness (PME) as Assessed by the University of North Carolina (UNC) PME Scale | The 3-item University of North Carolina (UNC)-PME scale measures how much the label placed beneath high climate impact menu items, discouraged consumption or evoked concern or unpleasantness about consumption of high climate impact foods. Responses to all questions will be measured on a 5-point unipolar Likert scale from 1=Not at all to 5= A great deal. Preceding the questions, participants will view the assigned label demonstrating high climate impact and the following prompt: "Considering this label, how much do you agree or disagree with the following statements." The exact text for each question is: "This label discourages me from wanting to eat foods with a high climate impact." " This label makes eating foods with a high climate impact seem unpleasant." " This label makes me concerned about eating foods with a high climate impact." The mean likert scale choice is reported. The scale choice range is between 1 and 5, with higher scores interpreted as better. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | score on a scale | approximately 1 minute |
|
|
|
| Secondary | Total Energy (Calories) Selected | The total number of calories in participants' hypothetical meal orders, calculated as the sum of calories across all menu items selected. Higher values indicate more calories selected. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | Calories | approximately 1 minute |
|
|
|
| Secondary | Number of Participants Who Selected Sugar-sweetened Beverage | Measured as a dichotomous variable (yes/no) indicating whether participants' hypothetical meal orders include a sugar-sweetened beverage. | Posted | Count of Participants | Participants | approximately 1 minute |
|
|
|
| 0 |
| 1,320 |
| 0 |
| 1,320 |
| 0 |
| 1,320 |
| EG001 | Warning High Climate Impact Labels | A red icon-plus-text label that reads "WARNING: HIGH CLIMATE IMPACT" in white text will be placed beneath main menu items with a high climate impact using a predetermined threshold of estimated greenhouse gas emissions set at >=9.2 kgCO2e. Labels will include a white globe icon directly preceding the label text. Explanatory text describing the label's meaning will be displayed at the top of the menu. | 0 | 1,339 | 0 | 1,339 | 0 | 1,339 |
| EG002 | Traffic Light Labels | Traffic Light labels will be placed beneath all main menu items. Using predetermined estimated greenhouse gas emission thresholds, each item will be assigned one of three icon-plus-text labels within this scheme: low-, medium-, or high-impact label, set in kgCO2e at <2.6, >=2.6 & <9.2, and >=9.2, respectively. Each will read, "HIGH CLIMATE IMPACT" within a red label, "MED. CLIMATE IMPACT" in a yellow label, and "LOW CLIMATE IMPACT" in a green label. Text for all labels written in white, and a white globe icon will precede the text. Explanatory text describing the meaning of the labels will be displayed at the top of the menu. | 0 | 1,332 | 0 | 1,332 | 0 | 1,332 |
| EG003 | Climate Grade Labels | Climate Grade labels will be placed beneath all main menu items, using predetermined estimated greenhouse gas emission thresholds to assign one of five icon-plus-text labels which indicate a specific climate impact grade (A, B, C, D, and F). Thresholds are set in kgCO2e as follows: [A] <1.7, [B] >=1.7 & <2.6, [C] >=2.6 & <9.2, [D] >=9.2 & <28, [F] >=28. All labels are solid black with a white globe icon followed by white text which reads "CLIMATE GRADE". On the left side of each label, a grade is displayed, capitalized and in a white font within a solid-colored box. The color of the box corresponds with each letter grade: A = dark green, B = light green, C = yellow, D = orange, F = red. Beneath the letter grade, a gradient of all possible grades is displayed horizontally in smaller font, each grade atop a small solid box in the respective grade color. Explanatory text describing the meaning of the labels will be displayed at the top of the menu. | 0 | 1,305 | 0 | 1,305 | 0 | 1,305 |
| EG004 | Numeric Carbon Footprint Labels | Numeric Carbon Footprint labels will be placed beneath all main menu items and display the estimated greenhouse gas emissions in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalents (kgCO2e) for each item. All labels have a solid black background and an icon-plus-text design. A white globe icon is followed by text stating the value of the items estimated emissions and the unit "kgCO2e". Explanatory text describing the meaning of the labels will be displayed at the top of the menu. | 0 | 1,326 | 0 | 1,326 | 0 | 1,326 |
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