This randomized clinical trial included 105 children with CAP who were admitted to Bandar Abbas Children's Hospital. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups: a control group receiving standard antibiotic therapy and an intervention group receiving standard antibiotics plus vitamin A (25,000 IU for 2 days). Key data collected included age, sex, duration of hospitalization, treatment duration, and daily Respiratory Index of Severity in Children (RISC) scores.

Children to present with CAP symptoms

Inclusion Criteria:

• children to present with CAP symptoms, including fever, cough, pulmonary rales, respiratory distress (age-adjusted tachypnea: >50 breaths per minute for infants under 1 year, >40 for ages 1-5 years, and >30 for those over 5 years), and radiographic findings indicative of pneumonia.

Exclusion Criteria:

• underlying immunodeficiency, chronic respiratory conditions, concurrent use of immunosuppressive medications, prior high-dose vitamin A intake, and hospitalizations shorter than 24 hours