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The goal of this prospective cohort study was to identify the effect of SLC01B1 gene polymorphism in the Pakistani population. The main questions it aims to answer are:
To identify polymorphism in SLOC1B1 (rs2306283) in the Pakistani population. To determine the association between SLOC1B1 (rs2306283) polymorphism and the clinical efficacy of atorvastatin To determine the association between SLOC1B1 (rs2306283) polymorphism and the safety profile of atorvastatin.
The goal of this prospective cohort study was to identify the effect of SLC01B1 gene polymorphism in the Pakistani population, due to the high prevalence of this variant in the Pakistani Population
The main questions it aims to answer are:
To identify polymorphism in SLOC1B1 (rs2306283) in the Pakistani population. To determine the association between SLOC1B1 (rs2306283) polymorphism and the clinical efficacy of atorvastatin To determine the association between SLOC1B1 (rs2306283) polymorphism and the safety profile of atorvastatin.
The participants' blood samples were taken and further genotyping was performed using conventional tetraARMS PCR. The results were visualized by gel electrophoresis.
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atorvastatin | Genetic | Atorvastatin 10mg once a day for 1 month |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| To identify genetic polymorphism in SLOC1B1 in the Pakistani population | Genetic polymorphism in SLOC1B1 in the Pakistani population will be assessed by ARMS PCR assay. | 1 month |
| Lipid profile | Lipid profile will be measured at 0 and on the 28th day of atorvastatin therapy on a blood sample. LDL cholesterol was categorized as optimal <100mg/dl, Near or above optimal = 100-129mg/dl, Borderline = 130-159mg/dl, high = 160-189mg/dl, and very high >190mg/dl. Total cholesterol: <200mg/dl = desirable, 200-239mg/dl = borderline high, >240mg/dl = high. HDL cholesterol: <40mg/dl = low and >60mg/dl = high. Triglycerides: <150mg/dl were considered optimal, 150-199mg/dl as Borderline high, and 200-500 mg/dl as high | 1 month |
| The SAMS-CI tool | The patient will be assessed for safety profile through the myopathy by Statin-associated myopathy (SAM-CI) tool by filling out the questionnaire on days 0, 14, and 28. The SAMS-CI tool will be used, to record the location, symmetry, and onset of muscle symptoms at day 0, 14, and 28 of atorvastatin therapy. Patients reporting the presence of muscular pain will be further divided into "Unlikely", "Possible", and "Probable" categories based on their SAMS-CI score. | 1 month |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Pakistani Population
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Tayaba Farooq, MBBS | Riphah International University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IIMC, Riphah International University | Islamabad | Federal | Pakistan |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 32178672 | Background | Hedayatnia M, Asadi Z, Zare-Feyzabadi R, Yaghooti-Khorasani M, Ghazizadeh H, Ghaffarian-Zirak R, Nosrati-Tirkani A, Mohammadi-Bajgiran M, Rohban M, Sadabadi F, Rahimi HR, Ghalandari M, Ghaffari MS, Yousefi A, Pouresmaeili E, Besharatlou MR, Moohebati M, Ferns GA, Esmaily H, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. Dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease risk among the MASHAD study population. Lipids Health Dis. 2020 Mar 16;19(1):42. doi: 10.1186/s12944-020-01204-y. | |
| 37075215 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006949 | Hyperlipidemias |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D050171 | Dyslipidemias |
| D052439 | Lipid Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000069059 | Atorvastatin |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011758 | Pyrroles |
| D001393 | Azoles |
| D006573 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |
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Venous blood was withdrawn, and DNA extraction was performed using Chelex method.
| Background |
| Firnhaber JM. Hyperlipidemia management: A calibrated approach. J Fam Pract. 2023 Apr;72(3):126-132. doi: 10.12788/jfp.0576. |
| 32411300 | Background | Zhang X, Xing L, Jia X, Pang X, Xiang Q, Zhao X, Ma L, Liu Z, Hu K, Wang Z, Cui Y. Comparative Lipid-Lowering/Increasing Efficacy of 7 Statins in Patients with Dyslipidemia, Cardiovascular Diseases, or Diabetes Mellitus: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analyses of 50 Randomized Controlled Trials. Cardiovasc Ther. 2020 Apr 23;2020:3987065. doi: 10.1155/2020/3987065. eCollection 2020. |
| 35968761 | Background | Bharath G, Vishnuprabu DP, Preethi L, Nagappan AS, Dhianeshwaran Isravanya RT, Bhaskar LV, Swaminathan N, Munirajan AK. SLCO1B1 and ABCB1 variants synergistically influence the atorvastatin treatment response in South Indian coronary artery disease patients. Pharmacogenomics. 2022 Aug;23(12):683-694. doi: 10.2217/pgs-2022-0044. Epub 2022 Aug 15. |
| 32581780 | Background | Na Nakorn C, Waisayarat J, Dejthevaporn C, Srisawasdi P, Wongwaisayawan S, Sukasem C. Genetic Variations and Frequencies of the Two Functional Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of SLCO1B1 in the Thai Population. Front Pharmacol. 2020 Jun 5;11:728. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00728. eCollection 2020. |
| 32326111 | Background | Marin JJG, Serrano MA, Monte MJ, Sanchez-Martin A, Temprano AG, Briz O, Romero MR. Role of Genetic Variations in the Hepatic Handling of Drugs. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Apr 20;21(8):2884. doi: 10.3390/ijms21082884. |
| 33608664 | Background | Turongkaravee S, Jittikoon J, Lukkunaprasit T, Sangroongruangsri S, Chaikledkaew U, Thakkinstian A. A systematic review and meta-analysis of genotype-based and individualized data analysis of SLCO1B1 gene and statin-induced myopathy. Pharmacogenomics J. 2021 Jun;21(3):296-307. doi: 10.1038/s41397-021-00208-w. Epub 2021 Feb 19. |
| 41225666 | Derived | Farooq T, Naeem U, Siddique A, Kausar S, Waheed A, Mumal S. Impact of SLCO1B1 (rs2306283) polymorphism on personalized atorvastatin dosing in a genetically distinct South Asian cohort. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol. 2025 Nov 12;26(1):189. doi: 10.1186/s40360-025-01022-x. |
| D006538 |
| Heptanoic Acids |
| D005227 | Fatty Acids |
| D008055 | Lipids |