This is an open-enrollment, retrospective, observational study without interventions. Its primary objective is to understand 1) incidence of liver injury among all the hospitalized patient from participating centers after the administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors or molecularly targeted agents; 2) epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of liver injury, including suspected medications, clinical types, histological characteristics, severity, treatment and outcomes.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age ≥ 18 years
• Abnormality of liver biochemistry after the administration of any molecularly targeted agent or immune checkpoint inhibitor

Exclusion Criteria:

• Missing major baseline or clinical data
• Prior liver loco-regional therapy or surgery

All hospitalized patients from participating medical centers.