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This study investigates the causal relationship between allergic rhinitis and asthma using a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization approach. Genetic data were derived from UK Biobank for allergic rhinitis and from Finnish biobank for asthma. This analysis aims to clarify the potential causal link between these two conditions.
This observational study utilizes a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to examine the causal association between allergic rhinitis and asthma. The genetic data for allergic rhinitis were obtained from the UK Biobank, encompassing 18,934 cases and 64,595 controls, while asthma data were derived from a Finnish biobank, including 20,629 cases and 135,449 controls. The Mendelian randomization analysis was performed using inverse-variance weighting (IVW), Mendelian randomization-Egger (MR-Egger), and weighted median methods to ensure robust causal inference. Additional tests, such as Cochrane's Q test and Mendelian randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO), were applied to assess heterogeneity and pleiotropy, enhancing the reliability of the findings. The results are expected to provide insights into the bidirectional causal relationship between allergic rhinitis and asthma, potentially informing future prevention and treatment strategies.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Allergic Rhinitis Cohort | This cohort consists of individuals with allergic rhinitis and a control group from the UK Biobank database, including 18,934 cases of allergic rhinitis and 64,595 controls. Genetic data were used to explore causal relationships with asthma. |
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| Asthma Cohort | This cohort includes individuals with asthma and a control group from the Finnish biobank database, consisting of 20,629 cases of asthma and 135,449 controls. Genetic data were analyzed to examine causal associations with allergic rhinitis. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mendelian Randomization | Other | This study utilizes a bidirectional Mendelian randomization approach to analyze genetic data from individuals with allergic rhinitis and asthma. No active intervention is applied; genetic variants serve as instrumental variables to assess causal associations between the conditions. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Causal Effect of Allergic Rhinitis on Asthma Risk | Estimate the causal effect of allergic rhinitis on asthma risk using bidirectional Mendelian randomization. This measure includes odds ratios (OR) derived from inverse-variance weighting (IVW), Mendelian randomization-Egger (MR-Egger), and weighted median methods. | Oct 24 2024 |
| Causal Effect of Asthma on Allergic Rhinitis Risk | Estimate the causal effect of asthma on allergic rhinitis risk using bidirectional Mendelian randomization. This measure includes odds ratios (OR) derived from inverse-variance weighting (IVW), Mendelian randomization-Egger (MR-Egger), and weighted median methods. | Oct 24 2024 |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Sensitivity Analysis Using MR-Egger Intercept Test | Perform sensitivity analysis using the Mendelian randomization-Egger (MR-Egger) intercept test to assess horizontal pleiotropy in the causal estimates between allergic rhinitis and asthma. | Oct 24 2024 |
| Sensitivity Analysis Using Leave-One-Out Test |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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This study includes individuals diagnosed with allergic rhinitis or asthma from the UK Biobank and Finnish biobank databases.
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University | Guangzhou | Guangdong | 510120 | China |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D065631 | Rhinitis, Allergic |
| D001249 | Asthma |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012220 | Rhinitis |
| D009668 | Nose Diseases |
| D012130 | Respiratory Hypersensitivity |
| D010038 | Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D057182 | Mendelian Randomization Analysis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D017720 | Molecular Epidemiology |
| D004812 | Epidemiologic Methods |
| D008919 | Investigative Techniques |
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Conduct a leave-one-out test to evaluate the robustness of the causal estimates between allergic rhinitis and asthma by sequentially removing each single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). |
| Oct 24 2024 |
| Sensitivity Analysis Using MR-PRESSO | Use the Mendelian randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) test to detect and correct for outliers, assessing heterogeneity in the causal estimates between allergic rhinitis and asthma. | Oct 24 2024 |
| D006969 |
| Hypersensitivity, Immediate |
| D006967 | Hypersensitivity |
| D007154 | Immune System Diseases |
| D001982 | Bronchial Diseases |
| D008173 | Lung Diseases, Obstructive |
| D008171 | Lung Diseases |