Avoidant and Restrictive Food Intake Disorders (ARFID) in Adolescence: Early Oral Development, Psychopathological Profile and Sensory Integration

Avoidant and Restrictive Food Intake Disorders (ARFID) in Adolescence: Early Oral Development, Psychopathological Profile and Sensory Integration

The purpose of this study is to assess if adolescents affected with Avoidant and Restrictive Food Intake Disorders (ARFID) had more frequent precocious pediatric feeding disorders before 4 years old compared to healthy adolescents.

This research focuses on retrospective analysis of early pediatric feeding disorders seen for ARFID in adolescence in two departments of the DMU MEFADO.

This assessment will be implemented during a hospital visit by a questionnaire completed by the patient's parents covering the first years of the child's life in medical, behavioural and dietary terms. This questionnaire was created for this study and, therefore, is not validated for general population. The parents will also complete the Montreal Children Feeding scale based on their memories.

The Montreal Children Feeding scale is a validated parental self-questionnaire, allowing the screening of feeding and eating disorders in children under 6 years old. Since the study specific questionnaire is not validated, 60 non-ARFID controls will be included in the study for questionnaires completion. The research also focuses on the psychopathological profile of these adolescents with ARFID regarding their degree of anxiety, their degree of depression, their possible autistic traits and their sensory sensitivity. These aspects will be studied by validated self- and hetero-questionnaires standardized for these fields. The emotional expression of the parents will be assessed during a brief qualitative interview type "Five-Minute Speech Sample".

Inclusion Criteria:

For all patients:

• Adolescent aged 12 to 18 (minors = 17 years 11 months)
• No opposition from parents and adolescent

For ARFID patients:

• Consulting at MDA or Necker for an ARFID diagnosed using DSM V criteria
• Whose first consultation for this disorder was less than 2 years ago

For non-ARFID patients:

• Consulting or hospitalized in orthopaedic surgery at Necker Hospital or Robert Debré Hospital for an acute traumatic reason
• Not diagnosed with a chronic illness

Exclusion Criteria:

For all patients:

- Parents and adolescents who do not speak French well enough to understand the questions on the scales and questionnaires

For ARFID patients:

- Diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder already made at the time of the consultation

For non-ARFID patients:

- Presence of a chronic organic or psychological illness, to limit the risk of including non ARFID patients at high risk of eating disorders